महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-63, verse-23

तं च शब्दं विदुरस्तत्त्ववेदी शुश्राव घोरं सुबलात्मजा च ।
भीष्मद्रोणौ गौतमश्चापि विद्वान्स्वस्ति स्वस्तीत्यपि चैवाहुरुच्चैः ॥२३॥

23. taṁ ca śabdaṁ vidurastattvavedī; śuśrāva ghoraṁ subalātmajā ca ,
bhīṣmadroṇau gautamaścāpi vidvā;nsvasti svastītyapi caivāhuruccaiḥ.

23. tam ca śabdam viduraḥ tattvavedī
śuśrāva ghoram subalātmajā ca
bhīṣmadroṇau gautamaḥ ca api vidvān svasti
svasti iti api ca eva āhuḥ uccaiḥ

23. Vidura, who was a knower of reality (tattva), and the daughter of Subala (Gāndhārī), heard that dreadful sound. Bhīṣma, Droṇa, and the learned Gautama also loudly exclaimed, "May there be welfare! May there be welfare!"

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - that (dreadful sound) (that, him, it)

• च (ca) - and, also

• शब्दम् (śabdam) - the sound (of the jackal and other animals) (sound, noise, word)

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

• तत्त्ववेदी (tattvavedī) - Vidura, who was a knower of reality (tattva) (knower of reality, one who knows the truth)

• शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - heard

• घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful (sound) (dreadful, terrible, fierce)

• सुबलात्मजा (subalātmajā) - Gāndhārī, who was the daughter of King Subala (daughter of Subala)

• च (ca) - and, also

• भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - The two heroes, Bhīṣma and Droṇa (Bhīṣma and Droṇa (dual))

• गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - The sage Gautama (Gautama)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• विद्वान् (vidvān) - Gautama, who was learned (learned, wise, knowing)

• स्वस्ति (svasti) - May there be welfare! (welfare, well-being, auspiciousness)

• स्वस्ति (svasti) - May there be welfare! (Repetition for emphasis) (welfare, well-being, auspiciousness)

• इति (iti) - quotation marker (thus, so)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, even

• आहुः (āhuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly, high, aloud

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - that (dreadful sound) (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

शब्दम् (śabdam) - the sound (of the jackal and other animals) (sound, noise, word)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, noise, word, voice

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in the Mahābhārata)

तत्त्ववेदी (tattvavedī) - Vidura, who was a knower of reality (tattva) (knower of reality, one who knows the truth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tattvavedin

tattvavedin - knower of truth, reality, or principles

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tattva+vedin)

• tattva – truth, reality, principle, essence
  noun (neuter)
• vedin – knowing, one who knows, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root vid (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

शुश्राव (śuśrāva) - heard

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of śru

Perfect (lit)

root śru, 3rd singular

Root: śru (class 5)

घोरम् (ghoram) - dreadful (sound) (dreadful, terrible, fierce)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ghora

ghora - dreadful, terrible, fierce, awful

सुबलात्मजा (subalātmajā) - Gāndhārī, who was the daughter of King Subala (daughter of Subala)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of subalātmajā

subalātmajā - daughter of Subala

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (subala+ātmajā)

• subala – Subala (name of the king of Gāndhāra)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmajā – daughter
  noun (feminine)
  from ātman + jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

भीष्मद्रोणौ (bhīṣmadroṇau) - The two heroes, Bhīṣma and Droṇa (Bhīṣma and Droṇa (dual))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhīṣmadroṇa

bhīṣmadroṇa - Bhīṣma and Droṇa

Compound type : dvandva (bhīṣma+droṇa)

• bhīṣma – Bhīṣma (name of a prominent character in the Mahābhārata)
  proper noun (masculine)
• droṇa – Droṇa (name of the royal guru to the Kauravas and Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)

गौतमः (gautamaḥ) - The sage Gautama (Gautama)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gautama

gautama - Gautama (name of a sage, refers to Kṛpācārya)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

विद्वान् (vidvān) - Gautama, who was learned (learned, wise, knowing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidvas

vidvas - learned, wise, knowing, intelligent

Perfect Active Participle

Derived from root vid (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

स्वस्ति (svasti) - May there be welfare! (welfare, well-being, auspiciousness)

(indeclinable)

स्वस्ति (svasti) - May there be welfare! (Repetition for emphasis) (welfare, well-being, auspiciousness)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - quotation marker (thus, so)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, even

(indeclinable)

आहुः (āhuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (lit) of ah

Perfect (lit)

root ah, 3rd plural

Root: ah (class 2)

उच्चैः (uccaiḥ) - loudly, high, aloud

(indeclinable)