महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-63, verse-21

अर्जुन उवाच ।
ईशो राजा पूर्वमासीद्ग्लहे नः कुन्तीपुत्रो धर्मराजो महात्मा ।
ईशस्त्वयं कस्य पराजितात्मा तज्जानीध्वं कुरवः सर्व एव ॥२१॥

21. arjuna uvāca ,
īśo rājā pūrvamāsīdglahe naḥ; kuntīputro dharmarājo mahātmā ,
īśastvayaṁ kasya parājitātmā; tajjānīdhvaṁ kuravaḥ sarva eva.

21. arjunaḥ uvāca īśaḥ rājā pūrvam āsīt
glahe naḥ kuntīputraḥ dharmarājaḥ
mahātmā | īśaḥ tu ayam kasya parājitātmā
tat jānīdhvam kuravaḥ sarve eva

21. Arjuna said: 'Previously, our great-souled (mahātman) King of natural law (dharma), the son of Kuntī (Yudhiṣṭhira), was indeed his own master (īśa) regarding the stakes. But now, with a defeated spirit (ātman), of whom is he the master? O Kurus, all of you should know this!'

Words meanings summery:

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• ईशः (īśaḥ) - master, lord, owner

• राजा (rājā) - king

• पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• ग्लहे (glahe) - in the gamble, in the stake

• नः (naḥ) - our, to us

• कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (the son of Kuntī)

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (the king of natural law (dharma), righteous king)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (great-souled, noble-minded (mahātman))

• ईशः (īśaḥ) - master, lord, owner

• तु (tu) - but, however

• अयम् (ayam) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (this (masculine))

• कस्य (kasya) - of whom? whose?

• पराजितात्मा (parājitātmā) - one whose self (ātman) is defeated, with a defeated spirit

• तत् (tat) - that, therefore

• जानीध्वम् (jānīdhvam) - you all know, understand

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - O Kurus, descendants of Kuru

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

Words meanings and morphology

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (one of the five Pāṇḍavas)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ईशः (īśaḥ) - master, lord, owner

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśa

īśa - master, lord, ruler, powerful, capable

राजा (rājā) - king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

पूर्वम् (pūrvam) - previously, formerly

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrva

pūrva - previous, former, prior

Note: Used adverbially here.

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

ग्लहे (glahe) - in the gamble, in the stake

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of glaha

glaha - gambling, stake, wager

नः (naḥ) - our, to us

(pronoun)

Genitive, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Here meaning 'our' (stakes).

कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (the son of Kuntī)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuntīputra

kuntīputra - son of Kuntī

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (kuntī+putra)

• kuntī – Kuntī (mother of Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna)
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (the king of natural law (dharma), righteous king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, righteous king, Yama (Lord of Dharma)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

महात्मा (mahātmā) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (great-souled, noble-minded (mahātman))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great soul, noble-minded, exalted spirit

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

ईशः (īśaḥ) - master, lord, owner

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īśa

īśa - master, lord, ruler, powerful, capable

तु (tu) - but, however

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (this (masculine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

कस्य (kasya) - of whom? whose?

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

पराजितात्मा (parājitātmā) - one whose self (ātman) is defeated, with a defeated spirit

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parājitātman

parājitātman - one whose self is defeated, having a defeated spirit

Compound type : bahuvrihi (parājita+ātman)

• parājita – conquered, defeated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from 'parā' (away, back) and root 'ji' (to conquer).
  Prefix: parā
  Root: ji (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

तत् (tat) - that, therefore

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here, as a connective meaning 'that' (object of knowledge) or 'therefore'.

जानीध्वम् (jānīdhvam) - you all know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of jñā

Root: jñā (class 9)

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - O Kurus, descendants of Kuru

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - Kuru (ancestor of Kauravas and Pandavas), descendants of Kuru

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)