महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-46, verse-3

विस्तरेणैतदिच्छामि कथ्यमानं त्वया द्विज ।
मूलं ह्येतद्विनाशस्य पृथिव्या द्विजसत्तम ॥३॥

3. vistareṇaitadicchāmi kathyamānaṁ tvayā dvija ,
mūlaṁ hyetadvināśasya pṛthivyā dvijasattama.

3. vistareṇa etat icchāmi kathyamānam tvayā dvija
mūlam hi etat vināśasya pṛthivyāḥ dvijasattama

3. O brahmin (dvija), I wish for this to be narrated by you in detail, because this is indeed the root cause of the earth's (kingdom's) destruction, O best among brahmins (dvija).

Words meanings summery:

• विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail (in detail, extensively)

• एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the topic of discussion) (this, that)

• इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish (I wish, I desire)

• कथ्यमानम् (kathyamānam) - being narrated (being narrated, being told)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• द्विज (dvija) - O brahmin (dvija) (O brahmin, O twice-born)

• मूलम् (mūlam) - root cause (root, origin, cause, foundation)

• हि (hi) - indeed, because (for, indeed, because, surely)

• एतत् (etat) - this (the current topic) (this, that)

• विनाशस्य (vināśasya) - of the destruction (of destruction, of ruin)

• पृथिव्याः (pṛthivyāḥ) - of the earth (kingdom) (of the earth, of the world, of the kingdom)

• द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among brahmins (dvija) (O best among brahmins, O most excellent twice-born)

Words meanings and morphology

विस्तरेण (vistareṇa) - in detail (in detail, extensively)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vistara

vistara - extension, elaboration, detail, breadth

From prefix 'vi' + root 'stṛ' (to spread).

Prefix: vi

Root: stṛ (class 5)

एतत् (etat) - this (referring to the topic of discussion) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun

इच्छामि (icchāmi) - I wish (I wish, I desire)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Root: iṣ (class 6)

कथ्यमानम् (kathyamānam) - being narrated (being narrated, being told)

(participle)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kathyamāna

kathyamāna - being narrated, being told

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'kath' (to tell, to narrate) + 'yamāna' suffix (middle voice present participle).

Root: kath (class 10)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

द्विज (dvija) - O brahmin (dvija) (O brahmin, O twice-born)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvija

dvija - twice-born, a brahmin, a bird, a tooth, a snake

Compound of dvi (two) and ja (born).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two, twice
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle (secondary derivative)
  From root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

मूलम् (mūlam) - root cause (root, origin, cause, foundation)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mūla

mūla - root, origin, basis, cause, foundation

हि (hi) - indeed, because (for, indeed, because, surely)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle, often causal or emphatic

एतत् (etat) - this (the current topic) (this, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun

विनाशस्य (vināśasya) - of the destruction (of destruction, of ruin)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vināśa

vināśa - destruction, ruin, loss, annihilation

From prefix 'vi' + root 'naś' (to perish).

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

पृथिव्याः (pṛthivyāḥ) - of the earth (kingdom) (of the earth, of the world, of the kingdom)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of pṛthivī

pṛthivī - earth, world, land, kingdom

द्विजसत्तम (dvijasattama) - O best among brahmins (dvija) (O best among brahmins, O most excellent twice-born)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dvijasattama

dvijasattama - best among the twice-born, chief of brahmins

Compound of dvija (twice-born) and sattama (best/most excellent).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+sattama)

• dvija – twice-born, a brahmin, a bird, a tooth, a snake
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of dvi (two) and ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• sattama – best, most excellent, chief
  adjective
  Superlative suffix 'tama' added to 'sat' (good/existent).

Note: Superlative form used as an address