महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-46, verse-18

दुर्योधन उवाच ।
अश्नाम्याच्छादयामीति प्रपश्यन्पापपूरुषः ।
नामर्षं कुरुते यस्तु पुरुषः सोऽधमः स्मृतः ॥१८॥

18. duryodhana uvāca ,
aśnāmyācchādayāmīti prapaśyanpāpapūruṣaḥ ,
nāmarṣaṁ kurute yastu puruṣaḥ so'dhamaḥ smṛtaḥ.

18. duryodhana uvāca aśnāmi ācchādayāmi iti prapaśyan pāpa-pūruṣaḥ
na amarṣam kurute yaḥ tu puruṣaḥ saḥ adhamaḥ smṛtaḥ

18. Duryodhana said: "The sinful man who, merely perceiving that he eats and clothes himself, feels no indignation (amarṣa), that man is considered to be the lowest."

18. דוּרְיוֹדְהַנַה אמר, אדם שאינו מגיב בכעס, וכל מה שהוא רואה הוא שהוא אוכל ולובש, הוא אדם חוטא, ונחשב שפל.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अश्नामि (aśnāmi) - I eat

• आच्छादयामि (ācchādayāmi) - I cover, I clothe myself

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote

• प्रपश्यन् (prapaśyan) - seeing, perceiving, observing

• पाप-पूरुषः (pāpa-pūruṣaḥ) - sinful man, wicked person

• न (na) - not, no

• अमर्षम् (amarṣam) - indignation, impatience, intolerance

• कुरुते (kurute) - feels (indignation) (does, makes, performs, feels)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अधमः (adhamaḥ) - lowest, worst, mean

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - considered (to be) (remembered, considered, enjoined)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Liṭ) of vac

Perfect active

Irregular perfect formation from root √vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

अश्नामि (aśnāmi) - I eat

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of aś

Present active

From root √aś (class 9)

Root: aś (class 9)

आच्छादयामि (ācchādayāmi) - I cover, I clothe myself

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of ācchād

Present active

Causative stem from root √chad with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: chad (class 10)

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote

(indeclinable)

प्रपश्यन् (prapaśyan) - seeing, perceiving, observing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prapaśyat

prapaśyat - seeing, observing, perceiving

Present Active Participle

From root √dṛś (class 4, with paś- stem in present) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 4)

Note: The base is prapaśyat, inflected to prapaśyan in masculine nominative singular.

पाप-पूरुषः (pāpa-pūruṣaḥ) - sinful man, wicked person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpa-pūruṣa

pāpa-pūruṣa - sinful man, wicked person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+pūruṣa)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  adjective (neuter)
• pūruṣa – man, human being, person, male, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अमर्षम् (amarṣam) - indignation, impatience, intolerance

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amarṣa

amarṣa - indignation, impatience, intolerance, absence of forgiveness

Derived from root √mṛṣ (to bear, tolerate) with negative prefix a-

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

कुरुते (kurute) - feels (indignation) (does, makes, performs, feels)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of kṛ

Present middle

From root √kṛ (class 8), middle voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, male, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अधमः (adhamaḥ) - lowest, worst, mean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhama

adhama - lowest, worst, mean, inferior

Superlative form, from 'adha' (below)

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - considered (to be) (remembered, considered, enjoined)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recalled, considered, enjoined

Past Passive Participle

From root √smṛ (class 1)

Root: smṛ (class 1)

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