महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-46, verse-18

दुर्योधन उवाच ।
अश्नाम्याच्छादयामीति प्रपश्यन्पापपूरुषः ।
नामर्षं कुरुते यस्तु पुरुषः सोऽधमः स्मृतः ॥१८॥

18. duryodhana uvāca ,
aśnāmyācchādayāmīti prapaśyanpāpapūruṣaḥ ,
nāmarṣaṁ kurute yastu puruṣaḥ so'dhamaḥ smṛtaḥ.

18. duryodhana uvāca aśnāmi ācchādayāmi iti prapaśyan pāpa-pūruṣaḥ
na amarṣam kurute yaḥ tu puruṣaḥ saḥ adhamaḥ smṛtaḥ

18. Duryodhana said: "The sinful man who, merely perceiving that he eats and clothes himself, feels no indignation (amarṣa), that man is considered to be the lowest."

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अश्नामि (aśnāmi) - I eat

• आच्छादयामि (ācchādayāmi) - I cover, I clothe myself

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote

• प्रपश्यन् (prapaśyan) - seeing, perceiving, observing

• पाप-पूरुषः (pāpa-pūruṣaḥ) - sinful man, wicked person

• न (na) - not, no

• अमर्षम् (amarṣam) - indignation, impatience, intolerance

• कुरुते (kurute) - feels (indignation) (does, makes, performs, feels)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अधमः (adhamaḥ) - lowest, worst, mean

• स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - considered (to be) (remembered, considered, enjoined)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधन (duryodhana) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Liṭ) of vac

Perfect active

Irregular perfect formation from root √vac (class 2)

Root: vac (class 2)

अश्नामि (aśnāmi) - I eat

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of aś

Present active

From root √aś (class 9)

Root: aś (class 9)

आच्छादयामि (ācchādayāmi) - I cover, I clothe myself

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (Laṭ) of ācchād

Present active

Causative stem from root √chad with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: chad (class 10)

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quote

(indeclinable)

प्रपश्यन् (prapaśyan) - seeing, perceiving, observing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prapaśyat

prapaśyat - seeing, observing, perceiving

Present Active Participle

From root √dṛś (class 4, with paś- stem in present) with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 4)

Note: The base is prapaśyat, inflected to prapaśyan in masculine nominative singular.

पाप-पूरुषः (pāpa-pūruṣaḥ) - sinful man, wicked person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāpa-pūruṣa

pāpa-pūruṣa - sinful man, wicked person

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāpa+pūruṣa)

• pāpa – sin, evil, wicked
  adjective (neuter)
• pūruṣa – man, human being, person, male, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अमर्षम् (amarṣam) - indignation, impatience, intolerance

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amarṣa

amarṣa - indignation, impatience, intolerance, absence of forgiveness

Derived from root √mṛṣ (to bear, tolerate) with negative prefix a-

Root: mṛṣ (class 1)

कुरुते (kurute) - feels (indignation) (does, makes, performs, feels)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (Laṭ) of kṛ

Present middle

From root √kṛ (class 8), middle voice

Root: kṛ (class 8)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - man, person

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, male, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun)

अधमः (adhamaḥ) - lowest, worst, mean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhama

adhama - lowest, worst, mean, inferior

Superlative form, from 'adha' (below)

स्मृतः (smṛtaḥ) - considered (to be) (remembered, considered, enjoined)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of smṛta

smṛta - remembered, recalled, considered, enjoined

Past Passive Participle

From root √smṛ (class 1)

Root: smṛ (class 1)