महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-46, verse-23

ज्येष्ठोऽयमिति मां मत्वा श्रेष्ठश्चेति विशां पते ।
युधिष्ठिरेण सत्कृत्य युक्तो रत्नपरिग्रहे ॥२३॥

23. jyeṣṭho'yamiti māṁ matvā śreṣṭhaśceti viśāṁ pate ,
yudhiṣṭhireṇa satkṛtya yukto ratnaparigrahe.

23. jyeṣṭhaḥ ayam iti mām matvā śreṣṭhaḥ ca iti viśām
pate yudhiṣṭhireṇa satkṛtya yuktaḥ ratna-parigrahe

23. Thinking 'this one is the eldest and also the best,' O lord of the people (viśām pate), Yudhishthira honored me and appointed me to accept the jewels.

23. מתוך כך שחשב אותי לבכור ולנעלה, הו אדון בני האדם, כיבד אותי יוּדְהִישְׁתְהִירַה והציב אותי על קבלת אבני החן.

Words meanings summery:

• ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest (of us) (eldest, senior, best, pre-eminent)

• अयम् (ayam) - this one (referring to the speaker, the narrator) (this one, he)

• इति (iti) - (indicating the preceding thought) (thus, in this manner, indicates direct speech)

• माम् (mām) - me (the speaker) (me (accusative of I))

• मत्वा (matvā) - having considered (having thought, considering)

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - (the) best (of us) (best, most excellent, most auspicious)

• च (ca) - and also (and, also)

• इति (iti) - (indicating the preceding thought) (thus, in this manner, indicates direct speech)

• विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of people, of subjects)

• पते (pate) - O lord (O lord, O master)

• युधिष्ठिरेण (yudhiṣṭhireṇa) - by Yudhishthira

• सत्कृत्य (satkṛtya) - having duly honored (the speaker) (having honored, having respected)

• युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - appointed (to a task) (engaged, yoked, connected, fit, suitable)

• रत्न-परिग्रहे (ratna-parigrahe) - in the task of accepting jewels (in the collection/acceptance of jewels)

Words meanings and morphology

ज्येष्ठः (jyeṣṭhaḥ) - the eldest (of us) (eldest, senior, best, pre-eminent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jyeṣṭha

jyeṣṭha - eldest, chief, best

superlative

Superlative of `vṛddha` or `prācīna`

अयम् (ayam) - this one (referring to the speaker, the narrator) (this one, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Nominative singular masculine of `idam`.

इति (iti) - (indicating the preceding thought) (thus, in this manner, indicates direct speech)

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - me (the speaker) (me (accusative of I))

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

मत्वा (matvā) - having considered (having thought, considering)

(indeclinable)

absolutiva

From root `man` (to think) + suffix `tvā`

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Absolutive (gerund).

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - (the) best (of us) (best, most excellent, most auspicious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent

superlative

Superlative of `praśasya` (excellent)

च (ca) - and also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - (indicating the preceding thought) (thus, in this manner, indicates direct speech)

(indeclinable)

विशाम् (viśām) - of the people (of people, of subjects)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, plural of viś

viś - people, subjects, clan

Note: Genitive plural of `viś`.

पते (pate) - O lord (O lord, O master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, husband

Note: Vocative singular of `pati`.

युधिष्ठिरेण (yudhiṣṭhireṇa) - by Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - steadfast in battle (name of a king)

सत्कृत्य (satkṛtya) - having duly honored (the speaker) (having honored, having respected)

(indeclinable)

absolutiva

From `sat` (good, well) + root `kṛ` (to do) + suffix `tya` (for pre-prefixed verbs)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Formed with `lyap` (or `tya`) suffix, as `sat` functions as a preverb here.

युक्तः (yuktaḥ) - appointed (to a task) (engaged, yoked, connected, fit, suitable)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, connected, engaged, fit

Past Passive Participle

From root `yuj` (to join, connect) + suffix `kta`

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Past Passive Participle used adjectivally.

रत्न-परिग्रहे (ratna-parigrahe) - in the task of accepting jewels (in the collection/acceptance of jewels)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratnaparigraha

ratnaparigraha - acceptance of jewels, collection of gems

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratna+parigraha)

• ratna – jewel, gem
  noun (neuter)
• parigraha – acceptance, collection, possession
  noun (masculine)
  From `pari` + root `grah` (to seize, take) + `a`
  Prefix: pari
  Root: grah (class 9)

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