महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-46, verse-16

स्फीतं राष्ट्रं महाबाहो पितृपैतामहं महत् ।
नित्यमाज्ञापयन्भासि दिवि देवेश्वरो यथा ॥१६॥

16. sphītaṁ rāṣṭraṁ mahābāho pitṛpaitāmahaṁ mahat ,
nityamājñāpayanbhāsi divi deveśvaro yathā.

16. sphītam rāṣṭram mahābāho pitṛpaitāmaham mahat
nityam ājñāpayan bhāsi divi deveśvaraḥ yathā

16. O mighty-armed one (mahābāho), you continually rule this great, prosperous, and ancestral kingdom, and you shine like the lord of the gods (deveśvara) in heaven.

16. הממלכה משגשגת, הו אדיר זרוע, גדולה, ירושת אבותיך וסביך. תמיד אתה מפקד ומאיר כמו אדון האלים בשמיים.

Words meanings summery:

• स्फीतम् (sphītam) - prosperous, swollen, extensive

• राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom, nation, country

• महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

• पितृपैतामहम् (pitṛpaitāmaham) - ancestral, inherited from father and grandfather

• महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• आज्ञापयन् (ājñāpayan) - commanding, ruling, ordering

• भासि (bhāsi) - you shine, you appear

• दिवि (divi) - in heaven, in the sky

• देवेश्वरः (deveśvaraḥ) - lord of the gods

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

Words meanings and morphology

स्फीतम् (sphītam) - prosperous, swollen, extensive

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sphīta

sphīta - prosperous, large, extensive, swollen

Past Passive Participle

derived from root sphāy/sphī

Root: sphāy (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rāṣṭram'.

राष्ट्रम् (rāṣṭram) - kingdom, nation, country

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rāṣṭra

rāṣṭra - kingdom, country, realm, nation

Root: rāj

Note: Object of the implied verb of ruling/shining.

महाबाहो (mahābāho) - O mighty-armed one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - mighty-armed, strong-armed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
  feminine form of mahat
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

पितृपैतामहम् (pitṛpaitāmaham) - ancestral, inherited from father and grandfather

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pitṛpaitāmaha

pitṛpaitāmaha - paternal, ancestral, inherited from fathers and grandfathers

derived from pitṛ and pitāmaha

Compound type : dvandva (implied) or karmadhāraya (pitṛ+pitāmaha)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• pitāmaha – paternal grandfather
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'rāṣṭram'.

महत् (mahat) - great, large, important

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Qualifies 'rāṣṭram'.

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'ājñāpayan'.

आज्ञापयन् (ājñāpayan) - commanding, ruling, ordering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ājñāpayat

ājñāpayat - commanding, ordering, governing

Present Active Participle (causative)

derived from root jñā- with prefix ā- and causative suffix -api- and participle suffix -śatṛ

Prefix: ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Refers to the subject of the sentence (implied 'you').

भासि (bhāsi) - you shine, you appear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhā

Root: bhā (class 2)

दिवि (divi) - in heaven, in the sky

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, day

Root: div (class 4)

देवेश्वरः (deveśvaraḥ) - lord of the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deveśvara

deveśvara - lord of gods, Indra, Shiva

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+īśvara)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root īś
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'you' (implied) in comparison with 'yathā'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction for comparison.

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