महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-43, verse-34

तेन दैवं परं मन्ये पौरुषं तु निरर्थकम् ।
धार्तराष्ट्रा हि हीयन्ते पार्था वर्धन्ति नित्यशः ॥३४॥

34. tena daivaṁ paraṁ manye pauruṣaṁ tu nirarthakam ,
dhārtarāṣṭrā hi hīyante pārthā vardhanti nityaśaḥ.

34. tena daivam param manye pauruṣam tu nirarthakam
dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ hi hīyante pārthāḥ vardhanti nityaśaḥ

34. Thus, I consider destiny to be supreme, while human effort is futile. Indeed, the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra are diminished, whereas the sons of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍavas) always flourish.

Words meanings summery:

• तेन (tena) - by that, therefore, with that

• दैवम् (daivam) - divine, destiny, fate

• परम् (param) - supreme, highest, foremost

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I consider, I believe

• पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - human effort, valor, manliness

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• निरर्थकम् (nirarthakam) - useless, meaningless, ineffectual

• धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

• हीयन्ते (hīyante) - they are diminished, they lose, they are abandoned

• पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍavas)

• वर्धन्ति (vardhanti) - they prosper, they increase, they grow

• नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, constantly, perpetually

Words meanings and morphology

तेन (tena) - by that, therefore, with that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'.

दैवम् (daivam) - divine, destiny, fate

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daiva

daiva - relating to a deity, divine, destiny, fate

Derived from deva (god)

Note: Predicative accusative with manye.

परम् (param) - supreme, highest, foremost

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of para

para - other, subsequent, distant, supreme, ultimate

Note: Adjective modifying 'daivam'.

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I consider, I believe

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of man

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Atmanepada.

पौरुषम् (pauruṣam) - human effort, valor, manliness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pauruṣa

pauruṣa - pertaining to a man, human, human effort, valor, manliness

Derived from puruṣa

Note: Subject of the implied second clause, considered useless.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

निरर्थकम् (nirarthakam) - useless, meaningless, ineffectual

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nirarthaka

nirarthaka - useless, meaningless, vain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+artha)

• nis – without, out
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• artha – meaning, purpose, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'pauruṣam', acting as a predicative.

धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Apatya (patronymic) derivation from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Note: Subject of 'hīyante'.

हि (hi) - indeed, for, because

(indeclinable)

हीयन्ते (hīyante) - they are diminished, they lose, they are abandoned

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of hā

Passive voice of root 'hā'

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Derived from root hā (to abandon, lose).

पार्थाः (pārthāḥ) - the sons of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍavas)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā, descendant of Pṛthā

Apatya (patronymic) derivation from Pṛthā

Note: Subject of 'vardhanti'.

वर्धन्ति (vardhanti) - they prosper, they increase, they grow

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

नित्यशः (nityaśaḥ) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

From nitya + śas suffix