महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-43, verse-23

दह्यमाना हि राजानः पाण्डवोत्थेन वह्निना ।
क्षान्तवन्तोऽपराधं तं को हि तं क्षन्तुमर्हति ॥२३॥

23. dahyamānā hi rājānaḥ pāṇḍavotthena vahninā ,
kṣāntavanto'parādhaṁ taṁ ko hi taṁ kṣantumarhati.

23. dahyamānāḥ hi rājānaḥ pāṇḍavotthena vahninā
kṣāntavantaḥ aparādham tam kaḥ hi tam kṣantum arhati

23. Indeed, the kings, scorched by the fire ignited by the Pāṇḍavas, endured that offense. For who among them could have forgiven it?

Words meanings summery:

• दह्यमानाः (dahyamānāḥ) - Being burnt, tormented, suffering

• हि (hi) - Indeed, surely, for, because

• राजानः (rājānaḥ) - Kings

• पाण्डवोत्थेन (pāṇḍavotthena) - By that which arose from the Pāṇḍavas

• वह्निना (vahninā) - By the fire

• क्षान्तवन्तः (kṣāntavantaḥ) - Having endured, having forgiven

• अपराधम् (aparādham) - Offense, transgression, fault

• तम् (tam) - That (offense) (That, him)

• कः (kaḥ) - Who, what

• हि (hi) - Indeed, surely, for, because

• तम् (tam) - That (offense) (That, him)

• क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - To forgive, to endure

• अर्हति (arhati) - Is able, deserves, is worthy

Words meanings and morphology

दह्यमानाः (dahyamānāḥ) - Being burnt, tormented, suffering

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dahyamāna

dahyamāna - Being burnt, suffering from heat, tormented

Present Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dah' with passive suffix 'ya' + 'śānac' (māna).

Root: dah (class 1)

हि (hi) - Indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

राजानः (rājānaḥ) - Kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - King, ruler

n-stem noun

पाण्डवोत्थेन (pāṇḍavotthena) - By that which arose from the Pāṇḍavas

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍavottha

pāṇḍavottha - Arisen from the Pāṇḍavas, caused by the Pāṇḍavas

a + u = o (internal sandhi)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍava+uttha)

• pāṇḍava – Son of Pāṇḍu; related to Pāṇḍu
  noun (masculine)
• uttha – Arisen, sprung up, produced from
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'sthā' with prefix 'ud'.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)

वह्निना (vahninā) - By the fire

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - Fire, Agni, carrier

i-stem noun

क्षान्तवन्तः (kṣāntavantaḥ) - Having endured, having forgiven

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣāntavat

kṣāntavat - Having endured, having forgiven

Past Active Participle

From root 'kṣam' (to be patient, endure, forgive) with ktavat suffix.

Root: kṣam (class 1)

अपराधम् (aparādham) - Offense, transgression, fault

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of aparādha

aparādha - Offense, crime, fault, transgression

From 'rādh' with 'apa'.

Prefix: apa

Root: rādh (class 5)

तम् (tam) - That (offense) (That, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - That, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

कः (kaḥ) - Who, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ka

ka - Who, what, which

Interrogative pronoun

हि (hi) - Indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - That (offense) (That, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - That, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun

क्षन्तुम् (kṣantum) - To forgive, to endure

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of kṣam

Infinitive

Infinitive form of the verb 'kṣam'.

Root: kṣam (class 1)

अर्हति (arhati) - Is able, deserves, is worthy

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present indicative

3rd person singular present active

Root: arh (class 1)