महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-43, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
वसन्दुर्योधनस्तस्यां सभायां भरतर्षभ ।
शनैर्ददर्श तां सर्वां सभां शकुनिना सह ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
vasanduryodhanastasyāṁ sabhāyāṁ bharatarṣabha ,
śanairdadarśa tāṁ sarvāṁ sabhāṁ śakuninā saha.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca | vasan duryodhanaḥ tasyām sabhāyām
bharatarṣabha | śanaiḥ dadarśa tām sarvām sabhām śakuninā saha

1. Vaiśaṃpāyana said: "O best of Bhāratas (bharatarṣabha), Duryodhana, while dwelling in that assembly hall with Śakuni, slowly observed the entire hall."

1. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, הו גדול בני בְּהַרַטַה, בעוד דוּרְיוֹדְהַנַה שוהה באולם ההוא, הוא הביט לאט לאט בכל האולם יחד עם שַׁקוּנִי.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

• वसन् (vasan) - while dwelling (dwelling, staying, residing)

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that

• सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly hall (in the assembly hall, in the court)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bhāratas (Janamejaya) (O best of Bharatas!)

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually (slowly, gradually, gently)

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - observed (he saw)

• ताम् (tām) - that (that (feminine))

• सर्वाम् (sarvām) - the entire (whole, entire, all)

• सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly hall (assembly hall, court)

• शकुनिना (śakuninā) - with Śakuni

• सह (saha) - with (with, along with)

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśaṃpāyana (Vaiśaṃpāyana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśaṃpāyana (name of a sage, narrator of Mahābhārata to Janamejaya)

Patronymic from Viśampāyana.

उवाच (uvāca) - said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

वसन् (vasan) - while dwelling (dwelling, staying, residing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vas

vas - to dwell, to reside, to stay

Present Active Participle

From root vas (to dwell), suffix -śatṛ.

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Acts as an adjective qualifying Duryodhana.

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana (Duryodhana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dur+yodhana)

• dur – difficult, bad
  indeclinable
• yodhana – fighting, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  From root yudh.
  Root: yudh (class 4)

तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to sabhā.

सभायाम् (sabhāyām) - in the assembly hall (in the assembly hall, in the court)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, hall, court

Prefix: sa

Root: bhā (class 1)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of Bhāratas (Janamejaya) (O best of Bharatas!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - bull among Bhāratas, best among Bhāratas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a Bhārata
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent one
  noun (masculine)

Note: Typical address by Vaiśaṃpāyana to Janamejaya.

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly, gradually (slowly, gradually, gently)

(indeclinable)

Note: Actually ablative of śanas used as adverb.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - observed (he saw)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ताम् (tām) - that (that (feminine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, this

Note: Refers to sabhā.

सर्वाम् (sarvām) - the entire (whole, entire, all)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Qualifies sabhā.

सभाम् (sabhām) - assembly hall (assembly hall, court)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sabhā

sabhā - assembly, council, hall, court

Prefix: sa

Root: bhā (class 1)

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.

शकुनिना (śakuninā) - with Śakuni

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Śakuni (proper name); also 'bird'

Note: Used with 'saha'.

सह (saha) - with (with, along with)

(indeclinable)

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