महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-8, verse-1

संवर्त उवाच ।
गिरेर्हिमवतः पृष्ठे मुञ्जवान्नाम पर्वतः ।
तप्यते यत्र भगवांस्तपो नित्यमुमापतिः ॥१॥

1. saṁvarta uvāca ,
girerhimavataḥ pṛṣṭhe muñjavānnāma parvataḥ ,
tapyate yatra bhagavāṁstapo nityamumāpatiḥ.

1. saṃvartaḥ uvāca gireḥ himavataḥ pṛṣṭhe muñjavān nāma
parvataḥ tapyate yatra bhagavān tapaḥ nityam umāpatiḥ

1. Saṃvarta said: On the ridge of the Himālayan mountain (Himavat) there is a mountain named Muñjavān, where the glorious Lord Shiva (Umāpati) constantly performs austerity (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• संवर्तः (saṁvartaḥ) - Saṃvarta (a proper name, usually of a sage or a mythical being)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• गिरेः (gireḥ) - of the mountain

• हिमवतः (himavataḥ) - of Himavat (the Himalayas)

• पृष्ठे (pṛṣṭhe) - on the back, on the surface, on the ridge/peak

• मुञ्जवान् (muñjavān) - Muñjavān (name of a mountain)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - mountain, hill

• तप्यते (tapyate) - performs penance/austerity, burns itself, is heated

• यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - glorious, revered, divine, Lord

• तपः (tapaḥ) - penance, austerity, spiritual discipline

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• उमापतिः (umāpatiḥ) - husband of Umā (Lord Shiva)

Words meanings and morphology

संवर्तः (saṁvartaḥ) - Saṃvarta (a proper name, usually of a sage or a mythical being)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvarta

saṁvarta - one who turns or revolves; name of a sage, a cloud, or a period of destruction

From root vṛt (to turn) with prefix saṃ-.

Prefix: sam

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Tense, Parasmaipada

Root vac (2nd class). Perfect tense (lit), 3rd person singular, parasmaipada.

Root: vac (class 2)

गिरेः (gireḥ) - of the mountain

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of giri

giri - mountain, hill

Root: gṛ (class 6)

हिमवतः (himavataḥ) - of Himavat (the Himalayas)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of himavat

himavat - possessing snow, snowy; the Himālaya mountain range

From 'hima' (snow) + possessive suffix '-vat'.

पृष्ठे (pṛṣṭhe) - on the back, on the surface, on the ridge/peak

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pṛṣṭha

pṛṣṭha - back, surface, top, ridge

Root: pṛṣ (class 6)

मुञ्जवान् (muñjavān) - Muñjavān (name of a mountain)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muñjavat

muñjavat - possessing muñja grass; name of a mountain

From 'muñja' (a type of grass) + possessive suffix '-vat'.

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Originally neuter accusative singular of nāman, but functions adverbially.

पर्वतः (parvataḥ) - mountain, hill

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill, rock

Root: pṛ (class 3)

तप्यते (tapyate) - performs penance/austerity, burns itself, is heated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of tap

Present Tense, Atmanepada

Root tap (1st class, sometimes 4th). Present tense, 3rd person singular, atmanepada (often used for performing penance).

Root: tap (class 1)

यत्र (yatra) - where, in which place

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'yat' (which) with suffix '-tra'.

भगवान् (bhagavān) - glorious, revered, divine, Lord

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - fortunate, glorious, revered, divine, venerable; Lord (often refers to specific deities)

From 'bhaga' (fortune) + possessive suffix '-vat'.

Root: bhaj (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'umāpatiḥ'.

तपः (tapaḥ) - penance, austerity, spiritual discipline

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, warmth, penance, austerity, spiritual exertion

From root tap (to heat, to perform austerity).

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of 'tapyate' (which here means 'performs penance').

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Modifies 'tapyate'.

उमापतिः (umāpatiḥ) - husband of Umā (Lord Shiva)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of umāpati

umāpati - husband of Umā, an epithet for Lord Shiva

Tatpurusha compound: Umā (name of Parvati) + pati (husband/lord).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (umā+pati)

• umā – Umā (name of Pārvatī, wife of Shiva)
  proper noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Subject of 'tapyate'.