महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-55, verse-16

जरेयं नावबुद्धा मे नाभिज्ञातं सुखं च मे ।
शतवर्षोषितं हि त्वं न मामभ्यनुजानथाः ॥१६॥

16. jareyaṁ nāvabuddhā me nābhijñātaṁ sukhaṁ ca me ,
śatavarṣoṣitaṁ hi tvaṁ na māmabhyanujānathāḥ.

16. jarā iyam na avabuddhā me na abhijñātam sukham ca
me śatavarṣoṣitam hi tvam na mām abhyanujānathāḥ

16. me iyam jarā na avabuddhā me sukham ca na abhijñātam
hi tvam śatavarṣoṣitam mām na abhyanujānathāḥ

16. “I did not perceive this old age upon myself, nor did I experience any happiness. For you, though having resided here for a hundred years, have not yet permitted me (to depart)."

Words meanings summery:

• जरा (jarā) - The old age Utanka feels himself reaching. (old age, decrepitude, decay)

• इयम् (iyam) - This (old age). (this, this here)

• न (na) - Negates the verb. (not, no)

• अवबुद्धा (avabuddhā) - Old age was not perceived (by me). (perceived, understood, noticed)

• मे (me) - By me (agent in passive construction). (by me (instrumental), to me (dative), my (genitive))

• न (na) - Negates the verb. (not, no)

• अभिज्ञातम् (abhijñātam) - Happiness was not experienced (by me). (known, experienced, recognized)

• सुखम् (sukham) - Personal comfort or happiness. (happiness, comfort, ease)

• च (ca) - Connects the two negated clauses. (and, also)

• मे (me) - By me (agent in passive construction). (by me (instrumental), to me (dative), my (genitive))

• शतवर्षोषितम् (śatavarṣoṣitam) - You (guru) who have spent a hundred years (residing here or in life). (having resided for a hundred years, having spent a hundred years)

• हि (hi) - Introduces the reason for Utanka's complaint. (indeed, for, because)

• त्वम् (tvam) - Referring to Gautama, the guru. (you)

• न (na) - Negates the verb. (not, no)

• माम् (mām) - Utanka as the object. (me)

• अभ्यनुजानथाः (abhyanujānathāḥ) - You (Gautama) did not permit me (to depart). (you permitted, you allowed)

Words meanings and morphology

जरा (jarā) - The old age Utanka feels himself reaching. (old age, decrepitude, decay)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of jarā

jarā - old age, decrepitude, decay

Root: jṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'avabuddhā'.

इयम् (iyam) - This (old age). (this, this here)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with "jarā".

न (na) - Negates the verb. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अवबुद्धा (avabuddhā) - Old age was not perceived (by me). (perceived, understood, noticed)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avabuddha

avabuddha - perceived, understood, noticed, known

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ava-√budh (to perceive, understand) + -ta suffix.

Prefix: ava

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Functions as a finite verb in passive construction.

मे (me) - By me (agent in passive construction). (by me (instrumental), to me (dative), my (genitive))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Enclitic pronominal form.

न (na) - Negates the verb. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अभिज्ञातम् (abhijñātam) - Happiness was not experienced (by me). (known, experienced, recognized)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of abhijñāta

abhijñāta - known, experienced, recognized, understood

Past Passive Participle

Derived from abhi-√jñā (to know, recognize) + -ta suffix.

Prefix: abhi

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Functions as a finite verb in passive construction.

सुखम् (sukham) - Personal comfort or happiness. (happiness, comfort, ease)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, comfort, pleasure, ease

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'abhijñātam'.

च (ca) - Connects the two negated clauses. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - By me (agent in passive construction). (by me (instrumental), to me (dative), my (genitive))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Enclitic pronominal form.

शतवर्षोषितम् (śatavarṣoṣitam) - You (guru) who have spent a hundred years (residing here or in life). (having resided for a hundred years, having spent a hundred years)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śatavarṣoṣita

śatavarṣoṣita - having resided for a hundred years, having spent a hundred years

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śata+varṣa+uṣita)

• śata – hundred
  numeral (neuter)
• varṣa – year, rain, monsoon
  noun (neuter)
• uṣita – dwelt, resided, stayed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root √vas (to dwell) + -ta suffix, with samprasāraṇa.
  Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Agrees with "tvam".

हि (hi) - Introduces the reason for Utanka's complaint. (indeed, for, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

त्वम् (tvam) - Referring to Gautama, the guru. (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: The actual gender is not expressed in 'tvam', but context indicates masculine (Gautama).

न (na) - Negates the verb. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

माम् (mām) - Utanka as the object. (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of 'abhyanujānathāḥ'.

अभ्यनुजानथाः (abhyanujānathāḥ) - You (Gautama) did not permit me (to depart). (you permitted, you allowed)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of abhyanujñā

Imperfect tense (laṅ), 2nd person singular, ātmanepada (middle voice).

Prefixes: abhi+anu

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: This implies "you have not permitted me to leave / take leave."