महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-55, verse-11

ततः स भारनिष्पिष्टः क्षुधाविष्टश्च भार्गवः ।
दृष्ट्वा तां वयसोऽवस्थां रुरोदार्तस्वरं तदा ॥११॥

11. tataḥ sa bhāraniṣpiṣṭaḥ kṣudhāviṣṭaśca bhārgavaḥ ,
dṛṣṭvā tāṁ vayaso'vasthāṁ rurodārtasvaraṁ tadā.

11. tataḥ saḥ bhāraniṣpiṣṭaḥ kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ ca bhārgavaḥ
dṛṣṭvā tām vayasaḥ avasthām ruroda ārtasvaram tadā

11. tataḥ saḥ bhārgavaḥ bhāraniṣpiṣṭaḥ ca kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ
tām vayasaḥ avasthām dṛṣṭvā tadā ārtasvaram ruroda

11. Then that Bhargava, crushed by the burden and afflicted by hunger, seeing his advanced age, cried out in a pained voice.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

• सः (saḥ) - that (Bhargava) (he, that)

• भारनिष्पिष्टः (bhāraniṣpiṣṭaḥ) - crushed by the burden (crushed by a burden, oppressed by weight)

• क्षुधाविष्टः (kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ) - afflicted by hunger (afflicted by hunger, hungry)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• भार्गवः (bhārgavaḥ) - Bhargava (a proper name, here referring to Cyavana) (descendant of Bhṛgu, Bhargava)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, seeing)

• ताम् (tām) - that (that, her)

• वयसः (vayasaḥ) - of age (of age, of life, of youth)

• अवस्थाम् (avasthām) - age (lit. state of age) (state, condition, situation)

• रुरोद (ruroda) - cried out (cried, wept)

• आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - in a pained voice (with a pained voice, in a mournful tone)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - that (Bhargava) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भारनिष्पिष्टः (bhāraniṣpiṣṭaḥ) - crushed by the burden (crushed by a burden, oppressed by weight)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāraniṣpiṣṭa

bhāraniṣpiṣṭa - crushed by a burden

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'bhāra' (burden) and 'niṣpiṣṭa' (crushed). 'Niṣpiṣṭa' is PPP of root 'piṣ' with prefix 'ni-'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāra+niṣpiṣṭa)

• bhāra – burden, load, weight
  noun (masculine)
• niṣpiṣṭa – crushed, ground down
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ni- + root piṣ (to crush, grind)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: piṣ (class 7)

क्षुधाविष्टः (kṣudhāviṣṭaḥ) - afflicted by hunger (afflicted by hunger, hungry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣudhāviṣṭa

kṣudhāviṣṭa - afflicted by hunger

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'kṣudhā' (hunger) and 'āviṣṭa' (entered, possessed). 'Āviṣṭa' is PPP of root 'viś' with prefix 'ā-'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣudhā+āviṣṭa)

• kṣudhā – hunger
  noun (feminine)
• āviṣṭa – entered, possessed, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From ā- + root viś (to enter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: viś (class 6)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

भार्गवः (bhārgavaḥ) - Bhargava (a proper name, here referring to Cyavana) (descendant of Bhṛgu, Bhargava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhārgava

bhārgava - descendant of Bhṛgu, a proper name (e.g., Śukra, Cyavana)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - seeing (having seen, seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Gerund/Absolutive form of root dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ताम् (tām) - that (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वयसः (vayasaḥ) - of age (of age, of life, of youth)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of vayas

vayas - age, life, youth, vigor

अवस्थाम् (avasthām) - age (lit. state of age) (state, condition, situation)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of avasthā

avasthā - state, condition, stage, situation

रुरोद (ruroda) - cried out (cried, wept)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of rud

Root: rud (class 2)

आर्तस्वरम् (ārtasvaram) - in a pained voice (with a pained voice, in a mournful tone)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ārtasvara

ārtasvara - pained voice, mournful tone

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ārta+svara)

• ārta – pained, distressed, afflicted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root ṛ (to go, move) or related to ṛt (to suffer)
  Root: ṛ (class 1)
• svara – sound, voice, tone
  noun (masculine)
  Root: svṛ (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially here.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)