महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-54, verse-31

स तथा समयं कृत्वा तेन रूपेण वासवः ।
उपस्थितस्त्वया चापि प्रत्याख्यातोऽमृतं ददत् ।
चण्डालरूपी भगवान्सुमहांस्ते व्यतिक्रमः ॥३१॥

31. sa tathā samayaṁ kṛtvā tena rūpeṇa vāsavaḥ ,
upasthitastvayā cāpi pratyākhyāto'mṛtaṁ dadat ,
caṇḍālarūpī bhagavānsumahāṁste vyatikramaḥ.

31. saḥ tathā samayam kṛtvā tena rūpeṇa
vāsavaḥ upasthitaḥ tvayā ca api
pratyākhyātaḥ amṛtam dadat caṇḍālarūpī
bhagavān sumahān te vyatikramaḥ

31. saḥ vāsavaḥ tathā samayam kṛtvā tena
rūpeṇa upasthitaḥ ca api tvayā
pratyākhyātaḥ bhagavān caṇḍālarūpī
amṛtam dadat te sumahān vyatikramaḥ

31. Having thus made a resolve, Vasava (Indra) was present in that form (of a Mātanga). He, the divine one, giving nectar (amṛta) in the form of an outcaste (caṇḍāla), was rejected even by you. Great indeed is your transgression.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• समयम् (samayam) - a promise, a compact, a resolve

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done

• तेन (tena) - in that form (of a Mātanga) (by that, in that)

• रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - by form, in the form of

• वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Indra (Vasava (an epithet of Indra))

• उपस्थितः (upasthitaḥ) - present, standing near, appeared

• त्वया (tvayā) - by Śukra (by you)

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - even, also

• प्रत्याख्यातः (pratyākhyātaḥ) - rejected, refused

• अमृतम् (amṛtam) - nectar, immortality

• ददत् (dadat) - giving, bestowing

• चण्डालरूपी (caṇḍālarūpī) - in the form of an outcaste

• भगवान् (bhagavān) - referring to Indra (the divine one, venerable, glorious)

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, exceedingly mighty

• ते (te) - of Śukra (your, of you)

• व्यतिक्रमः (vyatikramaḥ) - transgression, offense, violation

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, it

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

समयम् (samayam) - a promise, a compact, a resolve

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samaya

samaya - agreement, convention, promise, vow, compact, fixed time, occasion

Prefixes: sam+aya

Root: i (class 2)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having done

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed with suffix -tvā from root kṛ.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तेन (tena) - in that form (of a Mātanga) (by that, in that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, he, it

रूपेण (rūpeṇa) - by form, in the form of

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty, nature

वासवः (vāsavaḥ) - Indra (Vasava (an epithet of Indra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - son of Vasu; an epithet of Indra; a specific lineage of kings

उपस्थितः (upasthitaḥ) - present, standing near, appeared

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upasthita

upasthita - present, at hand, standing near, appeared, approached

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root sthā with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)

त्वया (tvayā) - by Śukra (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun stem)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also

(indeclinable)

प्रत्याख्यातः (pratyākhyātaḥ) - rejected, refused

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyākhyāta

pratyākhyāta - rejected, repudiated, refused, denied

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root khyā with prefixes prati and ā.

Prefixes: prati+ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

अमृतम् (amṛtam) - nectar, immortality

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of amṛta

amṛta - nectar; immortality; ambrosia; non-death

Literally 'not dead' or 'immortal'.

ददत् (dadat) - giving, bestowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dadat

dā - to give, to grant, to offer

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root dā, class 3.

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Functions as an adjective modifying 'bhagavān' or 'vāsavaḥ'.

चण्डालरूपी (caṇḍālarūpī) - in the form of an outcaste

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caṇḍālarūpin

caṇḍālarūpin - having the form of a caṇḍāla, appearing as an outcaste

Formed with suffix -in from caṇḍālarūpa.

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (caṇḍāla+rūpa)

• caṇḍāla – an outcaste, a member of the lowest social class, a person whose parents are of different castes (specifically, a Śūdra father and a Brāhmaṇa mother)
  noun (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, nature, image
  noun (neuter)

भगवान् (bhagavān) - referring to Indra (the divine one, venerable, glorious)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhagavat

bhagavat - divine, venerable, glorious, prosperous, fortunate; a title of respect for gods or exalted persons

Possessive suffix -vat from bhaga (fortune).

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, exceedingly mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, exceedingly large, exceedingly mighty

Compound type : Prādi-samāsa (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, excellent, very, easily
  indeclinable
  An adverbial prefix.
• mahat – great, large, important, mighty, exalted
  adjective (neuter)

ते (te) - of Śukra (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun stem)

व्यतिक्रमः (vyatikramaḥ) - transgression, offense, violation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyatikrama

vyatikrama - transgression, violation, offense, passing beyond, crossing over

From root kram with prefixes vi and ati.

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: kram (class 1)