महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-10, verse-3

व्यास उवाच ।
ततो गत्वा धृतराष्ट्रो नरेन्द्रं प्रोवाचेदं वचनं वासवस्य ।
गन्धर्वं मां धृतराष्ट्रं निबोध त्वामागतं वक्तुकामं नरेन्द्र ॥३॥

3. vyāsa uvāca ,
tato gatvā dhṛtarāṣṭro narendraṁ; provācedaṁ vacanaṁ vāsavasya ,
gandharvaṁ māṁ dhṛtarāṣṭraṁ nibodha; tvāmāgataṁ vaktukāmaṁ narendra.

3. vyāsaḥ uvāca tataḥ gatvā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ
narendram provāca idam vacanam
vāsavasya gandharvam mām dhṛtarāṣṭram
nibodha tvām āgatam vaktukāmam narendra

3. vyāsaḥ uvāca tataḥ gatvā dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ
narendram vāsavasya idam vacanam
provāca narendra gandharvam mām
dhṛtarāṣṭram tvām āgatam vaktukāmam nibodha

3. Vyāsa said: Then, having gone, Dhṛtarāṣṭra spoke these words of Vāsava (Indra) to the king (Marutta): 'O king, know that I am the gandharva Dhṛtarāṣṭra, who has come to you, desiring to speak.'

Words meanings summery:

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - The sage Vyāsa. (Vyāsa (name of a sage))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Vyāsa said. (said, spoke)

• ततः (tataḥ) - Then, subsequently. (then, therefrom)

• गत्वा (gatvā) - After going (to Marutta). (having gone)

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - The Gandharva Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• नरेन्द्रम् (narendram) - To King Marutta. (to the king, to the lord of men)

• प्रोवाच (provāca) - Spoke (this message). (spoke, declared)

• इदम् (idam) - This (particular) message. (this)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - The message (from Indra). (word, speech, message)

• वासवस्य (vāsavasya) - Belonging to Indra. (of Vāsava (Indra))

• गन्धर्वम् (gandharvam) - As a gandharva (celestial musician). (a gandharva)

• माम् (mām) - Me (the speaker, Dhṛtarāṣṭra). (me)

• धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - The Gandharva Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• निबोध (nibodha) - Know (me). (know, understand)

• त्वाम् (tvām) - To you (King Marutta). (to you)

• आगतम् (āgatam) - (I) who have arrived. (come, arrived)

• वक्तुकामम् (vaktukāmam) - Desiring to speak (to you). (desirous of speaking)

• नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O King Marutta. (O king, O lord of men)

Words meanings and morphology

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - The sage Vyāsa. (Vyāsa (name of a sage))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - a compiler, arranger; name of a celebrated sage

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - Vyāsa said. (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Irregular perfect form from root √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - Then, subsequently. (then, therefrom)

(indeclinable)

गत्वा (gatvā) - After going (to Marutta). (having gone)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form of √gam.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Connects the action of going with speaking.

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - The Gandharva Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - name of a king, name of a gandharva

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 3)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, nation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'provāca'.

नरेन्द्रम् (narendram) - To King Marutta. (to the king, to the lord of men)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord; name of the king of gods
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'provāca'.

प्रोवाच (provāca) - Spoke (this message). (spoke, declared)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pravac

Perfect Active

Perfect form of √vac with upasarga pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

इदम् (idam) - This (particular) message. (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Agrees with 'vacanam'.

वचनम् (vacanam) - The message (from Indra). (word, speech, message)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speaking, saying, word, speech

From root √vac.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Object of 'provāca'.

वासवस्य (vāsavasya) - Belonging to Indra. (of Vāsava (Indra))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vāsava

vāsava - relating to Vasu; an epithet of Indra

Note: Qualifies 'vacanam'.

गन्धर्वम् (gandharvam) - As a gandharva (celestial musician). (a gandharva)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gandharva

gandharva - a class of celestial beings, musician of the gods

Note: Predicative accusative agreeing with 'mām'.

माम् (mām) - Me (the speaker, Dhṛtarāṣṭra). (me)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Object of 'nibodha'.

धृतराष्ट्रम् (dhṛtarāṣṭram) - The Gandharva Dhṛtarāṣṭra. (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - name of a king, name of a gandharva

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, maintained
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhṛ (to hold)
  Root: dhṛ (class 3)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, nation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Apposition to 'mām'.

निबोध (nibodha) - Know (me). (know, understand)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of budh

From root √budh (to know) with upasarga ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Command to King Marutta.

त्वाम् (tvām) - To you (King Marutta). (to you)

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Object of āgatam. 'who has come to you'.

आगतम् (āgatam) - (I) who have arrived. (come, arrived)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

From root √gam (to go) with upasarga ā- (towards).

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the messenger.

वक्तुकामम् (vaktukāmam) - Desiring to speak (to you). (desirous of speaking)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vaktukāma

vaktukāma - desirous of speaking

Compound formed from infinitival stem 'vaktu' (from √vac) and 'kāma' (desire).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vaktu+kāma)

• vaktu – to speak (infinitive stem)
  indeclinable
  Infinitive
  From root vac
  Root: vac (class 2)
• kāma – desire, wish
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mām'.

नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O King Marutta. (O king, O lord of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord; name of the king of gods
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Marutta.