महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-14, chapter-10, verse-23

इन्द्र उवाच ।
जानामि ते गुरुमेनं तपोधनं बृहस्पतेरनुजं तिग्मतेजसम् ।
यस्याह्वानादागतोऽहं नरेन्द्र प्रीतिर्मेऽद्य त्वयि मन्युः प्रनष्टः ॥२३॥

23. indra uvāca ,
jānāmi te gurumenaṁ tapodhanaṁ; bṛhaspateranujaṁ tigmatejasam ,
yasyāhvānādāgato'haṁ narendra; prītirme'dya tvayi manyuḥ pranaṣṭaḥ.

23. indraḥ uvāca jānāmi te gurum enam
tapodhanam bṛhaspateḥ anujam tigmatajasam
yasya āhvānāt āgataḥ aham narendra
prītiḥ me adya tvayi manyuḥ pranaṣṭaḥ

23. indraḥ uvāca narendra aham te enam gurum
tapodhanam bṛhaspateḥ anujam tigmatajasam
jānāmi yasya āhvānāt aham āgataḥ
me prītiḥ adya tvayi manyuḥ pranaṣṭaḥ

23. Indra said: "I know this preceptor (guru) of yours, rich in austerity (tapas), the younger brother of Brihaspati, who possesses sharp brilliance. O king (narendra), I have come here at his invitation. My affection for you is now present, and my displeasure has vanished."

Words meanings summery:

• इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• जानामि (jānāmi) - I know

• ते (te) - your (your, of you)

• गुरुम् (gurum) - preceptor (guru) (teacher, preceptor, heavy, important)

• एनम् (enam) - this (masculine accusative)

• तपोधनम् (tapodhanam) - rich in austerity (tapas) (rich in asceticism/austerity, ascetic)

• बृहस्पतेः (bṛhaspateḥ) - of Brihaspati

• अनुजम् (anujam) - younger brother

• तिग्मतजसम् (tigmatajasam) - of sharp brilliance, fiery energy

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of which)

• आह्वानात् (āhvānāt) - from his invitation (from invitation, by calling)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come (come, arrived)

• अहम् (aham) - I

• नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king (Marutta) (O king of men, king)

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection (affection, love, pleasure, joy)

• मे (me) - my (my, of me)

• अद्य (adya) - now (today, now)

• त्वयि (tvayi) - for you (in you, on you, for you)

• मन्युः (manyuḥ) - displeasure, anger (anger, wrath, spirit, grief)

• प्रनष्टः (pranaṣṭaḥ) - vanished, destroyed (destroyed, lost, vanished)

Words meanings and morphology

इन्द्रः (indraḥ) - Indra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indra

indra - Indra (king of gods), chief

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

root vac, perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

जानामि (jānāmi) - I know

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jñā

present active

root jñā, 9th class, present tense, 1st person singular

Root: jñā (class 9)

ते (te) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Also dative singular.

गुरुम् (gurum) - preceptor (guru) (teacher, preceptor, heavy, important)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, venerable, heavy, important

Note: Object of 'jānāmi'.

एनम् (enam) - this (masculine accusative)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, that

Note: Demonstrative pronoun, agrees with gurum.

तपोधनम् (tapodhanam) - rich in austerity (tapas) (rich in asceticism/austerity, ascetic)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tapodhana

tapodhana - rich in asceticism, whose wealth is austerity

bahuvrīhi compound: tapas (austerity) + dhana (wealth)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – austerity, penance, heat
  noun (neuter)
• dhana – wealth, riches
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with gurum.

बृहस्पतेः (bṛhaspateḥ) - of Brihaspati

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bṛhaspati

bṛhaspati - Brihaspati (preceptor of the gods), lord of prayer

अनुजम् (anujam) - younger brother

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anuja

anuja - younger brother, born after

compound: anu (after) + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpurusha (anu+ja)

• anu – after, along, following
  indeclinable
• ja – born, produced
  adjective (masculine)
  from root jan
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Agrees with gurum.

तिग्मतजसम् (tigmatajasam) - of sharp brilliance, fiery energy

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tigmatajas

tigmatajas - of sharp brilliance, keen-edged energy

bahuvrīhi compound: tigma (sharp) + tejas (brilliance)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tigma+tejas)

• tigma – sharp, keen, hot
  adjective (masculine)
• tejas – brilliance, energy, sharp point
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with gurum.

यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of which)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the guru (Saṃvarta).

आह्वानात् (āhvānāt) - from his invitation (from invitation, by calling)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of āhvāna

āhvāna - calling, invitation

prefix ā- + root hve/hvā + suffix -ana

Prefix: ā

Root: hve (class 1)

आगतः (āgataḥ) - arrived, come (come, arrived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

prefix ā- + root gam + suffix -ta

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with aham.

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

नरेन्द्र (narendra) - O king (Marutta) (O king of men, king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king of men, prince, sovereign

tatpurusha compound: nara (man) + indra (chief)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection (affection, love, pleasure, joy)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - love, affection, pleasure, joy, satisfaction

from root prī

Root: prī (class 9)

मे (me) - my (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Also dative singular.

अद्य (adya) - now (today, now)

(indeclinable)

त्वयि (tvayi) - for you (in you, on you, for you)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of tvam

tvam - you

Note: Expresses relation 'towards' or 'for'.

मन्युः (manyuḥ) - displeasure, anger (anger, wrath, spirit, grief)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manyu

manyu - anger, wrath, spirit, grief, emotion

Root: man (class 4)

प्रनष्टः (pranaṣṭaḥ) - vanished, destroyed (destroyed, lost, vanished)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pranaṣṭa

pranaṣṭa - lost, destroyed, vanished, perished

Past Passive Participle

prefix pra- + root naś + suffix -ta

Prefix: pra

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Agrees with manyuḥ.