महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-48, verse-48

आत्मानमाख्याति हि कर्मभिर्नरः स्वशीलचारित्रकृतैः शुभाशुभैः ।
प्रनष्टमप्यात्मकुलं तथा नरः पुनः प्रकाशं कुरुते स्वकर्मभिः ॥४८॥

48. ātmānamākhyāti hi karmabhirnaraḥ; svaśīlacāritrakṛtaiḥ śubhāśubhaiḥ ,
pranaṣṭamapyātmakulaṁ tathā naraḥ; punaḥ prakāśaṁ kurute svakarmabhiḥ.

48. ātmānam ākhyāti hi karmabhiḥ naraḥ
svaśīlacāritrakṛtaiḥ śubhāśubhaiḥ
pranaṣṭam api ātmakulam tathā naraḥ
punaḥ prakāśam kurute svakarmabhiḥ

48. naraḥ hi ātmānam svaśīlacāritrakṛtaiḥ
śubhāśubhaiḥ karmabhiḥ ākhyāti
tathā naraḥ pranaṣṭam api ātmakulam
punaḥ svakarmabhiḥ prakāśam kurute

48. A person indeed reveals their true nature (ātman) through actions (karma) performed according to their character and conduct, whether good or bad. Similarly, even if their family line is lost, a person restores its prominence through their own actions (karma).

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - one's true nature or self (self, soul, spirit)

• आख्याति (ākhyāti) - reveals, makes known (reveals, tells, describes)

• हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, certainly, because)

• कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by one's actions (by actions, by deeds)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a human being, a person (man, person, human being)

• स्वशीलचारित्रकृतैः (svaśīlacāritrakṛtaiḥ) - by actions resulting from one's personal character and moral conduct (by those done by one's own character and conduct)

• शुभाशुभैः (śubhāśubhaiḥ) - by those actions which are good and bad (by good and bad)

• प्रनष्टम् (pranaṣṭam) - even if it is destroyed or vanished (lost, destroyed, ruined)

• अपि (api) - even if, although (even, also, too)

• आत्मकुलम् (ātmakulam) - one's own family or ancestral line (one's own family, one's lineage)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way (thus, so, similarly)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a human being, a person (man, person, human being)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more (again, back, moreover)

• प्रकाशम् (prakāśam) - prominence, glory, renown (light, splendor, fame, manifestation)

• कुरुते (kurute) - creates, establishes, restores (makes, does, performs)

• स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by their individual actions (by one's own actions)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - one's true nature or self (self, soul, spirit)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, principle of life, the individual soul

आख्याति (ākhyāti) - reveals, makes known (reveals, tells, describes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of ākhyā

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

हि (hi) - indeed, truly (indeed, certainly, because)

(indeclinable)

कर्मभिः (karmabhiḥ) - by one's actions (by actions, by deeds)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate, result of actions

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नरः (naraḥ) - a human being, a person (man, person, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being, hero

स्वशीलचारित्रकृतैः (svaśīlacāritrakṛtaiḥ) - by actions resulting from one's personal character and moral conduct (by those done by one's own character and conduct)

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of svaśīlacāritrakṛta

svaśīlacāritrakṛta - done by one's own character and conduct

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+śīla+cāritra+kṛta)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun
• śīla – character, conduct, habit, nature
  noun (neuter)
• cāritra – conduct, behavior, moral conduct
  noun (neuter)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Qualifies karmabhiḥ

शुभाशुभैः (śubhāśubhaiḥ) - by those actions which are good and bad (by good and bad)

(adjective)

Instrumental, plural of śubhāśubha

śubhāśubha - good and bad, auspicious and inauspicious

Compound type : dvandva (śubha+aśubha)

• śubha – good, auspicious, beautiful
  adjective
• aśubha – bad, inauspicious, evil
  adjective

Note: Qualifies karmabhiḥ

प्रनष्टम् (pranaṣṭam) - even if it is destroyed or vanished (lost, destroyed, ruined)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pranaṣṭa

pranaṣṭa - lost, destroyed, vanished, perished

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root naś with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Qualifies ātmakulam

अपि (api) - even if, although (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

आत्मकुलम् (ātmakulam) - one's own family or ancestral line (one's own family, one's lineage)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ātmakula

ātmakula - one's own family, own lineage, the lineage of the self

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (ātman+kula)

• ātman – self, own, personal
  noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, race, community
  noun (neuter)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same way (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

नरः (naraḥ) - a human being, a person (man, person, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being, hero

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, once more (again, back, moreover)

(indeclinable)

प्रकाशम् (prakāśam) - prominence, glory, renown (light, splendor, fame, manifestation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prakāśa

prakāśa - light, splendor, manifestation, appearance, fame

Prefix: pra

Root: kāś (class 1)

कुरुते (kurute) - creates, establishes, restores (makes, does, performs)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

स्वकर्मभिः (svakarmabhiḥ) - by their individual actions (by one's own actions)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of svakarman

svakarman - one's own action, personal deed, one's duty

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+karman)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun
• karman – action, deed, work, ritual action
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)