महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-48, verse-21

निषादो मुद्गरं सूते दाशं नावोपजीविनम् ।
मृतपं चापि चण्डालः श्वपाकमतिकुत्सितम् ॥२१॥

21. niṣādo mudgaraṁ sūte dāśaṁ nāvopajīvinam ,
mṛtapaṁ cāpi caṇḍālaḥ śvapākamatikutsitam.

21. niṣādaḥ mudgaram sūte dāśam nāvopajīvinam
mṛtapam ca api caṇḍālaḥ śvapākam atikutsitam

21. niṣādaḥ mudgaram dāśam nāvopajīvinam sūte
caṇḍālaḥ api mṛtapam ca śvapākam atikutsitam sūte

21. A Niṣāda produces the Mudgara, and the Dāśa, whose livelihood is by boats. Moreover, a Caṇḍāla also produces the Mṛtapa and the Śvapāka, who is exceedingly vile.

Words meanings summery:

• निषादः (niṣādaḥ) - the Niṣāda (male parent) (a mixed caste, traditionally from a Brāhmaṇa male and Śūdra female; a hunter, fowler)

• मुद्गरम् (mudgaram) - the Mudgara (caste) (a mixed caste; a hammer, mallet, club)

• सूते (sūte) - produces (gives birth, produces, creates, causes)

• दाशम् (dāśam) - the Dāśa (caste, a fisherman) (a mixed caste, fisherman, boatman)

• नावोपजीविनम् (nāvopajīvinam) - whose livelihood is by boats, a boatman (living by boats, a boatman)

• मृतपम् (mṛtapam) - the Mṛtapa (caste) (a mixed caste; one who lives on the dead, a corpse-eater)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अपि (api) - also, moreover (also, too, even)

• चण्डालः (caṇḍālaḥ) - the Caṇḍāla (male parent) (a highly despised mixed caste, traditionally from a Śūdra male and Brāhmaṇa female; an outcast)

• श्वपाकम् (śvapākam) - the Śvapāka (caste), a dog-cooker (a mixed caste, literally 'dog-cooker', an outcast, a person who cooks dogs for food)

• अतिकुत्सितम् (atikutsitam) - exceedingly vile (exceedingly despised, very vile, extremely contemptible)

Words meanings and morphology

निषादः (niṣādaḥ) - the Niṣāda (male parent) (a mixed caste, traditionally from a Brāhmaṇa male and Śūdra female; a hunter, fowler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of niṣāda

niṣāda - a mixed caste, traditionally from a Brāhmaṇa father and Śūdra mother; a hunter

Note: Subject of 'sūte'.

मुद्गरम् (mudgaram) - the Mudgara (caste) (a mixed caste; a hammer, mallet, club)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mudgara

mudgara - a mixed caste; a hammer, club

Note: Object of 'sūte'.

सूते (sūte) - produces (gives birth, produces, creates, causes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (lat) of sū

Root: sū (class 2)

दाशम् (dāśam) - the Dāśa (caste, a fisherman) (a mixed caste, fisherman, boatman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dāśa

dāśa - a mixed caste; a fisherman, boatman

Note: Object of 'sūte'.

नावोपजीविनम् (nāvopajīvinam) - whose livelihood is by boats, a boatman (living by boats, a boatman)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāvopajīvin

nāvopajīvin - living by boats, a boatman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nau+upajīvin)

• nau – boat, ship
  noun (feminine)
• upajīvin – one who lives by, subsists on
  noun (masculine)
  From verb 'jīv' with prefix 'upa', agent noun.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Describes 'dāśam'.

मृतपम् (mṛtapam) - the Mṛtapa (caste) (a mixed caste; one who lives on the dead, a corpse-eater)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛtapa

mṛtapa - a mixed caste; one who lives on the dead, a corpse-eater

Note: Object of 'sūte' (implied).

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, moreover (also, too, even)

(indeclinable)

चण्डालः (caṇḍālaḥ) - the Caṇḍāla (male parent) (a highly despised mixed caste, traditionally from a Śūdra male and Brāhmaṇa female; an outcast)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of caṇḍāla

caṇḍāla - a highly despised mixed caste, traditionally from a Śūdra father and Brāhmaṇa mother; an outcast

Note: Subject of 'sūte' (implied).

श्वपाकम् (śvapākam) - the Śvapāka (caste), a dog-cooker (a mixed caste, literally 'dog-cooker', an outcast, a person who cooks dogs for food)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śvapāka

śvapāka - a mixed caste, literally 'dog-cooker', a person who cooks dogs for food; an outcast

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvan+pāka)

• śvan – dog
  noun (masculine)
• pāka – cook, cooker; mature; simpleton
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'pac' (to cook)
  Root: pac (class 1)

Note: Object of 'sūte' (implied).

अतिकुत्सितम् (atikutsitam) - exceedingly vile (exceedingly despised, very vile, extremely contemptible)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of atikutsita

atikutsita - exceedingly despised, very vile

Past Passive Participle

Compound of 'ati' (very) and 'kutsita' (despised), a past passive participle of 'kuts' (to despise)

Compound type : pravādi (ati+kutsita)

• ati – over, beyond, exceeding, very
  indeclinable
• kutsita – despised, censured, vile
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle from root 'kuts' (to despise)
  Root: kuts (class 10)

Note: Describes 'śvapākam'.

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