महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-48, verse-4

भार्याश्चतस्रो विप्रस्य द्वयोरात्मास्य जायते ।
आनुपूर्व्याद्द्वयोर्हीनौ मातृजात्यौ प्रसूयतः ॥४॥

4. bhāryāścatasro viprasya dvayorātmāsya jāyate ,
ānupūrvyāddvayorhīnau mātṛjātyau prasūyataḥ.

4. bhāryāḥ catasraḥ viprasya dvayoḥ ātmaḥ asya jāyate
ānupūrvāt dvayoḥ hīnau mātṛjātyau prasūyataḥ

4. viprasya catasraḥ bhāryāḥ dvayoḥ asya ātmaḥ jāyate
ānupūrvāt dvayoḥ hīnau mātṛjātyau prasūyataḥ

4. A brahmin (vipra) may have four wives. From the first two (wives), his true progeny (ātman) is born. From the next two in order, children of lower status, inheriting the mother's social class, are begotten.

Words meanings summery:

• भार्याः (bhāryāḥ) - wives

• चतस्रः (catasraḥ) - four

• विप्रस्य (viprasya) - of a brahmin (of a brahmin, of a scholar, of a sage)

• द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - from two (of the wives) (of two, from two)

• आत्मः (ātmaḥ) - legitimate offspring, true progeny (self, soul, spirit, person, son)

• अस्य (asya) - his, its, of this

• जायते (jāyate) - is born, originates, comes into being

• आनुपूर्वात् (ānupūrvāt) - in due order, successively

• द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - from the two (remaining wives) (of two, from two)

• हीनौ (hīnau) - of lower status (inferior, low, deprived, deficient)

• मातृजात्यौ (mātṛjātyau) - inheriting the mother's social class (of the mother's birth/caste/class)

• प्रसूयतः (prasūyataḥ) - are born, are begotten, bring forth

Words meanings and morphology

भार्याः (bhāryāḥ) - wives

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife

Feminine derivative from root bhṛ (to bear, support)

Root: bhṛ (class 3)

चतस्रः (catasraḥ) - four

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of catur

catur - four

Note: Feminine form of catur (four).

विप्रस्य (viprasya) - of a brahmin (of a brahmin, of a scholar, of a sage)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - brahmin, inspired, wise, sage

From root vip (to tremble, inspire)

Root: vip

द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - from two (of the wives) (of two, from two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of dvi

dvi - two

Note: Can be genitive or locative dual.

आत्मः (ātmaḥ) - legitimate offspring, true progeny (self, soul, spirit, person, son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, life, essence, person, son

Root: an

Note: Nominative singular form of ātman.

अस्य (asya) - his, its, of this

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Genitive singular of the demonstrative pronoun 'idam'.

जायते (jāyate) - is born, originates, comes into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

4th class verb, middle voice

Root: jan (class 4)

आनुपूर्वात् (ānupūrvāt) - in due order, successively

(indeclinable)

From anupūrva (following in order) + ya affix

Note: Derived from ānupūrvya, serving an adverbial function meaning 'in order'.

द्वयोः (dvayoḥ) - from the two (remaining wives) (of two, from two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of dvi

dvi - two

Note: Can be genitive or locative dual.

हीनौ (hīnau) - of lower status (inferior, low, deprived, deficient)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of hīna

hīna - inferior, low, deficient, deprived

Past Passive Participle

From root hā (to abandon, forsake)

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Refers to two children of lower status.

मातृजात्यौ (mātṛjātyau) - inheriting the mother's social class (of the mother's birth/caste/class)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mātṛjāti

mātṛjāti - mother's birth/caste

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mātṛ+jāti)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• jāti – birth, lineage, caste, class
  noun (feminine)
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Compound adjective, agreeing with 'hīnau'.

प्रसूयतः (prasūyataḥ) - are born, are begotten, bring forth

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, present (laṭ) of prasū

4th class verb, middle voice

Prefix: pra

Root: sū (class 4)

Note: Used here with 'pra' prefix. The subject 'hīnau mātṛjātyau' is dual, so the verb is dual.