महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-13, chapter-48, verse-11
शूद्रश्चण्डालमत्युग्रं वध्यघ्नं बाह्यवासिनम् ।
ब्राह्मण्यां संप्रजायन्त इत्येते कुलपांसनाः ।
एते मतिमतां श्रेष्ठ वर्णसंकरजाः प्रभो ॥११॥
ब्राह्मण्यां संप्रजायन्त इत्येते कुलपांसनाः ।
एते मतिमतां श्रेष्ठ वर्णसंकरजाः प्रभो ॥११॥
11. śūdraścaṇḍālamatyugraṁ vadhyaghnaṁ bāhyavāsinam ,
brāhmaṇyāṁ saṁprajāyanta ityete kulapāṁsanāḥ ,
ete matimatāṁ śreṣṭha varṇasaṁkarajāḥ prabho.
brāhmaṇyāṁ saṁprajāyanta ityete kulapāṁsanāḥ ,
ete matimatāṁ śreṣṭha varṇasaṁkarajāḥ prabho.
11.
śūdraḥ caṇḍālam atyugram vadhyaghnam
bāhyavāsinam brāhmaṇyām saṃprajāyante
iti ete kulapāṃsanāḥ ete matimatām
śreṣṭha varṇa-saṃkara-jāḥ prabho
bāhyavāsinam brāhmaṇyām saṃprajāyante
iti ete kulapāṃsanāḥ ete matimatām
śreṣṭha varṇa-saṃkara-jāḥ prabho
11.
he śreṣṭha prabho! brāhmaṇyām śūdraḥ atyugram vadhyaghnam bāhyavāsinam caṇḍālam saṃprajāyante.
iti ete kulapāṃsanāḥ.
ete matimatām varṇa-saṃkara-jāḥ (bhavanti).
iti ete kulapāṃsanāḥ.
ete matimatām varṇa-saṃkara-jāḥ (bhavanti).
11.
A śūdra (man), through a brāhmaṇa woman, engenders a `caṇḍāla`, who is exceedingly cruel, an executioner, and dwells outside the settlement. Thus, these are known as defilers of the lineage. O best among the discerning, O lord, these are born from the mixing of social classes (varṇasaṃkara).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra, a man of the fourth social class
- चण्डालम् (caṇḍālam) - a `caṇḍāla` (an extremely low outcast, born from a śūdra father and brāhmaṇa mother) (a caṇḍāla (an outcast))
- अत्युग्रम् (atyugram) - extremely fierce, very cruel, highly terrible
- वध्यघ्नम् (vadhyaghnam) - executioner, killer of those to be executed
- बाह्यवासिनम् (bāhyavāsinam) - dweller outside, one who lives in the outskirts
- ब्राह्मण्याम् (brāhmaṇyām) - by (through) a brāhmaṇa woman (as the mother) (in a brāhmaṇa woman, by a brāhmaṇa woman)
- संप्रजायन्ते (saṁprajāyante) - are born, originate, are produced
- इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so
- एते (ete) - these
- कुलपांसनाः (kulapāṁsanāḥ) - defilers of the family, disgracers of the lineage
- एते (ete) - these
- मतिमताम् (matimatām) - of the intelligent, of the wise, among the discerning
- श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best, most excellent
- वर्ण-संकर-जाः (varṇa-saṁkara-jāḥ) - born from the mixing of social classes (varṇasaṃkara) (born from the mixing of social classes)
- प्रभो (prabho) - O lord, O master
Words meanings and morphology
शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a śūdra, a man of the fourth social class
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra
śūdra - a man of the fourth of the four social classes (varna), a laborer, servant
चण्डालम् (caṇḍālam) - a `caṇḍāla` (an extremely low outcast, born from a śūdra father and brāhmaṇa mother) (a caṇḍāla (an outcast))
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of caṇḍāla
caṇḍāla - a caṇḍāla, an outcast, dog-eater (a person of the lowest and most despised class)
अत्युग्रम् (atyugram) - extremely fierce, very cruel, highly terrible
(adjective)
Accusative, masculine, singular of atyugra
atyugra - extremely fierce, very cruel, highly terrible
Compound type : pradi-tatpuruṣa (ati+ugra)
- ati – exceedingly, very, beyond
indeclinable - ugra – fierce, terrible, mighty, severe
adjective
Note: Agrees with caṇḍālam
वध्यघ्नम् (vadhyaghnam) - executioner, killer of those to be executed
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of vadhyaghna
vadhyaghna - executioner, killer of those to be executed
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vadhya+ghna)
- vadhya – one to be slain or punished, punishable, worthy of death
adjective
Gerundive
Derived from root han (to strike, kill), with secondary root vadh
Root: han - ghna – killer, destroying
noun (masculine)
Agent Noun
Derived from root han (to strike, kill)
Root: han
Note: Agrees with caṇḍālam
बाह्यवासिनम् (bāhyavāsinam) - dweller outside, one who lives in the outskirts
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of bāhyavāsin
bāhyavāsin - dweller outside, one who lives in the outskirts or outside the village
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bāhya+vāsin)
- bāhya – external, outer, outcast
adjective - vāsin – dweller, inhabitant, residing
noun (masculine)
Agent Noun
Derived from root vas (to dwell)
Root: vas
Note: Agrees with caṇḍālam
ब्राह्मण्याम् (brāhmaṇyām) - by (through) a brāhmaṇa woman (as the mother) (in a brāhmaṇa woman, by a brāhmaṇa woman)
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of brāhmaṇī
brāhmaṇī - a brāhmaṇa woman, wife of a brāhmaṇa
संप्रजायन्ते (saṁprajāyante) - are born, originate, are produced
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of saṃ-pra-jan
Prefixes: sam+pra
Root: jan (class 4)
इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so
(indeclinable)
एते (ete) - these
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etat
etat - this, these, that
कुलपांसनाः (kulapāṁsanāḥ) - defilers of the family, disgracers of the lineage
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kulapāṃsana
kulapāṁsana - defiler of the family, disgracer of the lineage, pollutant of the clan
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kula+pāṃsana)
- kula – family, lineage, race, clan
noun (neuter) - pāṃsana – defiling, polluting, disgracing, defiler
noun
Agent Noun
Derived from root pāṃs (to defile, disgrace)
Root: pāṃs
एते (ete) - these
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of etat
etat - this, these, that
मतिमताम् (matimatām) - of the intelligent, of the wise, among the discerning
(adjective)
Genitive, masculine, plural of matimat
matimat - intelligent, wise, discerning, possessing intellect
Possessive suffix -mat
श्रेष्ठ (śreṣṭha) - O best, most excellent
(adjective)
Vocative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha
śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, principal
वर्ण-संकर-जाः (varṇa-saṁkara-jāḥ) - born from the mixing of social classes (varṇasaṃkara) (born from the mixing of social classes)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of varṇa-saṃkara-ja
varṇa-saṁkara-ja - born from the mixing of social classes
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (varṇa+saṃkara+ja)
- varṇa – social class, color, appearance
noun (masculine) - saṃkara – mixing, confusion, impurity (especially of social classes)
noun (masculine)
Prefix: sam
Root: kṛ - ja – born from, produced from, arising from
adjective
Agent suffix
Derived from root jan (to be born)
Root: jan
प्रभो (prabho) - O lord, O master
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu
prabhu - lord, master, mighty, powerful