महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-79, verse-43

नित्यं यस्तु सतो रक्षेदसतश्च निबर्हयेत् ।
स एव राजा कर्तव्यस्तेन सर्वमिदं धृतम् ॥४३॥

43. nityaṁ yastu sato rakṣedasataśca nibarhayet ,
sa eva rājā kartavyastena sarvamidaṁ dhṛtam.

43. nityam yaḥ tu sataḥ rakṣet asataḥ ca nibarhayet
saḥ eva rājā kartavyaḥ tena sarvam idam dhṛtam

43. tu yaḥ nityam sataḥ rakṣet ca asataḥ nibarhayet
saḥ eva rājā kartavyaḥ tena idam sarvam dhṛtam

43. However, one who always protects the good (sat) and eradicates the evil (asat) — only he should be appointed as king. By such a one, this entire world is sustained.

Words meanings summery:

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सतः (sataḥ) - of the good (sat) (of the good, of the existent, of the righteous)

• रक्षेत् (rakṣet) - should protect

• असतः (asataḥ) - of the evil (asat) (of the evil, of the non-existent, of the unrighteous)

• च (ca) - and

• निबर्हयेत् (nibarhayet) - should destroy, should remove

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

• राजा (rājā) - a king

• कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - should be made, should be appointed

• तेन (tena) - by him

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, the whole

• इदम् (idam) - this

• धृतम् (dhṛtam) - is held, supported, borne

Words meanings and morphology

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

सतः (sataḥ) - of the good (sat) (of the good, of the existent, of the righteous)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sat

sat - existent, real, good, virtuous, true, being (sat)

Present Active Participle

derived from root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: refers to good people or good things

रक्षेत् (rakṣet) - should protect

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of rakṣ

Optative Mood

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

असतः (asataḥ) - of the evil (asat) (of the evil, of the non-existent, of the unrighteous)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal, evil, unrighteous, not being (asat)

Present Active Participle (negated)

derived from root as (to be), negated by 'a'

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• sat – existent, good, real
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  from root as
  Root: as (class 2)

Note: refers to evil people or evil things

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

निबर्हयेत् (nibarhayet) - should destroy, should remove

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of nibarh

Optative Mood

causative of bṛh with prefix ni

Prefix: ni

Root: bṛh (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - a king

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

कर्तव्यः (kartavyaḥ) - should be made, should be appointed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kartavya

kartavya - to be done, fit to be done, proper, duty, must be made/appointed

Gerundive

derived from root kṛ (to do, make) + tavya suffix

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तेन (tena) - by him

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, the whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

धृतम् (dhṛtam) - is held, supported, borne

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dhṛta

dhṛta - held, borne, supported, maintained

Past Passive Participle

derived from root dhṛ (to hold, support)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)