महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-79, verse-37

भीष्म उवाच ।
अपारे यो भवेत्पारमप्लवे यः प्लवो भवेत् ।
शूद्रो वा यदि वाप्यन्यः सर्वथा मानमर्हति ॥३७॥

37. bhīṣma uvāca ,
apāre yo bhavetpāramaplave yaḥ plavo bhavet ,
śūdro vā yadi vāpyanyaḥ sarvathā mānamarhati.

37. bhīṣma uvāca apare yaḥ bhavet pāram aplave yaḥ plavaḥ
bhavet śūdraḥ vā yadi vā api anyaḥ sarvathā mānam arhati

37. bhīṣma uvāca yaḥ apare pāram bhavet,
yaḥ aplave plavaḥ bhavet,
saḥ śūdraḥ vā yadi vā api anyaḥ (bhavet),
(saḥ) sarvathā mānam arhati.

37. Bhishma said: "Whoever becomes the shore for those who are shoreless, whoever becomes a boat for those who are without a boat – whether that person is a Śūdra or anyone else, that individual certainly deserves respect in every way."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma (name of a character)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अपरे (apare) - in the shoreless (situation) (in the shoreless, in the boundless)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, becomes

• पारम् (pāram) - shore, further bank, limit, end

• अप्लवे (aplave) - in the boatless (situation) (in the boatless, in the helpless)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• प्लवः (plavaḥ) - boat, raft, float

• भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, becomes

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Śūdra (member of the fourth social class)

• वा (vā) - or, either, as if

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

• वा (vā) - or, either, as if

• अपि (api) - also, too, even, whether

• अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, another, different

• सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way, by all means, always

• मानम् (mānam) - honor, respect, pride, measure

• अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought to

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma (name of a character)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable; a proper name (Bhishma, a character in Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अपरे (apare) - in the shoreless (situation) (in the shoreless, in the boundless)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of apāra

apāra - shoreless, boundless, endless, immense

Compound 'a' (not) + 'pāra' (shore)

Compound type : privative (a+pāra)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• pāra – the opposite bank, further shore, limit, end
  noun (neuter)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

पारम् (pāram) - shore, further bank, limit, end

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pāra

pāra - the opposite bank, further shore, limit, end

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

अप्लवे (aplave) - in the boatless (situation) (in the boatless, in the helpless)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of aplava

aplava - without a boat, boatless, helpless

Compound 'a' (not) + 'plava' (boat)

Compound type : privative (a+plava)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• plava – a boat, raft, float; swimming
  noun (masculine)
  Root: plu (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

प्लवः (plavaḥ) - boat, raft, float

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of plava

plava - a boat, raft, float; swimming

Root: plu (class 1)

भवेत् (bhavet) - may be, should be, becomes

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a Śūdra (member of the fourth social class)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a member of the fourth or lowest of the four chief classes of Hindus

वा (vā) - or, either, as if

(indeclinable)

यदि (yadi) - if, in case that

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either, as if

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, too, even, whether

(indeclinable)

अन्यः (anyaḥ) - other, another, different

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different; somebody else

सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way, by all means, always

(indeclinable)

मानम् (mānam) - honor, respect, pride, measure

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māna

māna - honor, respect, pride, measure, opinion

Root: man (class 4)

अर्हति (arhati) - deserves, is worthy of, ought to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of arh

Root: arh (class 1)