महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-79, verse-12

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
अथ तात यदा सर्वाः शस्त्रमाददते प्रजाः ।
व्युत्क्रामन्ति स्वधर्मेभ्यः क्षत्रस्य क्षीयते बलम् ॥१२॥

12. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
atha tāta yadā sarvāḥ śastramādadate prajāḥ ,
vyutkrāmanti svadharmebhyaḥ kṣatrasya kṣīyate balam.

12. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca | atha tāta yadā sarvāḥ śastram ādadate
prajāḥ | vyutkrāmanti sva-dharmebhyaḥ kṣatrasya kṣīyate balam

12. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca tāta atha yadā sarvāḥ prajāḥ śastram
ādadate sva-dharmebhyaḥ vyutkrāmanti kṣatrasya balam kṣīyate

12. Yudhiṣṭhira said: "Now, dear father, when all the people (prajāḥ) take up weapons, they deviate from their own intrinsic natures (sva-dharma), and the strength of the warrior class (kṣatra) diminishes."

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest Pāṇḍava prince, who is speaking (Yudhiṣṭhira (a proper name))

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अथ (atha) - now, then, moreover

• तात (tāta) - addressing a respected elder (like a grandfather or father figure) (dear father, child, darling)

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon, instrument

• आददते (ādadate) - they take up, they seize, they assume

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the common people or citizens (people, subjects, offspring)

• व्युत्क्रामन्ति (vyutkrāmanti) - they deviate, they go astray, they transgress

• स्व-धर्मेभ्यः (sva-dharmebhyaḥ) - from their own intrinsic natures (dharma), from their own duties

• क्षत्रस्य (kṣatrasya) - of the kṣatriya class, whose duty it is to protect (of the warrior class (kṣatra), of sovereignty, of power)

• क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - it declines, it wastes away, it is destroyed

• बलम् (balam) - strength, power, force

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, the eldest Pāṇḍava prince, who is speaking (Yudhiṣṭhira (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (a proper name); steady in battle

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  noun (feminine)
• sthira – firm, steady, constant, immovable
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अथ (atha) - now, then, moreover

(indeclinable)

तात (tāta) - addressing a respected elder (like a grandfather or father figure) (dear father, child, darling)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father (esp. in vocative, respectful address), child, darling

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon, instrument

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śastra

śastra - weapon, sword, instrument, tool

Root: śas (class 1)

आददते (ādadate) - they take up, they seize, they assume

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of ā-dā

with prefix ā-, meaning to take, seize, receive

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the common people or citizens (people, subjects, offspring)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - people, subjects, offspring, creation, progeny

व्युत्क्रामन्ति (vyutkrāmanti) - they deviate, they go astray, they transgress

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vi-ut-kram

with prefixes vi- and ut-, meaning to step out of, to deviate, transgress

Prefixes: vi+ut

Root: kram (class 1)

स्व-धर्मेभ्यः (sva-dharmebhyaḥ) - from their own intrinsic natures (dharma), from their own duties

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of sva-dharma

sva-dharma - one's own intrinsic nature, duty, law, prescribed conduct

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+dharma)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun
• dharma – intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

क्षत्रस्य (kṣatrasya) - of the kṣatriya class, whose duty it is to protect (of the warrior class (kṣatra), of sovereignty, of power)

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kṣatra

kṣatra - rule, dominion, power; the warrior class, kṣatriyas

Root: kṣi (class 1)

क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - it declines, it wastes away, it is destroyed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of kṣī

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Often used in passive sense for intransitive roots

बलम् (balam) - strength, power, force

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force, might, army