महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-79, verse-33

ब्राह्मणस्त्रिषु कालेषु शस्त्रं गृह्णन्न दुष्यति ।
आत्मत्राणे वर्णदोषे दुर्गस्य नियमेषु च ॥३३॥

33. brāhmaṇastriṣu kāleṣu śastraṁ gṛhṇanna duṣyati ,
ātmatrāṇe varṇadoṣe durgasya niyameṣu ca.

33. brāhmaṇaḥ triṣu kāleṣu śastram gṛhṇan na
duṣyati ātmatrāṇe varṇadoṣe durgasya niyameṣu ca

33. brāhmaṇaḥ triṣu kāleṣu śastram gṛhṇan na duṣyati: ātmatrāṇe,
varṇadoṣe,
ca durgasya niyameṣu.

33. A Brahmin, even when bearing a weapon, is not considered tainted in three specific circumstances: for self-preservation (ātmatrāṇa), when there is a defect in the social order (varṇa), and in accordance with the rules for defending a fortress.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

• त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three

• कालेषु (kāleṣu) - in times, in circumstances

• शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon, instrument

• गृह्णन् (gṛhṇan) - taking, holding, bearing

• न (na) - not, no

• दुष्यति (duṣyati) - becomes faulty, is corrupted, is tainted

• आत्मत्राणे (ātmatrāṇe) - in self-preservation, for self-protection

• वर्णदोषे (varṇadoṣe) - when there is a defect or disruption in the traditional social order (varṇa) (in a defect of the social order, when the social order is faulty)

• दुर्गस्य (durgasya) - of a fort, of a fortress

• नियमेषु (niyameṣu) - in the rules, in the regulations

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, a member of the priestly class, one who knows Brahman

त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three

(adjective)

Locative, plural of tri

tri - three

कालेषु (kāleṣu) - in times, in circumstances

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of kāla

kāla - time, season, circumstance

शस्त्रम् (śastram) - weapon, instrument

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śastra

śastra - weapon, tool, instrument

गृह्णन् (gṛhṇan) - taking, holding, bearing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛhṇat

gṛhṇat - taking, holding, seizing, bearing

Present Active Participle

present active participle of root grah (class 9)

Root: grah (class 9)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

दुष्यति (duṣyati) - becomes faulty, is corrupted, is tainted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of duṣ

Root: duṣ (class 4)

आत्मत्राणे (ātmatrāṇe) - in self-preservation, for self-protection

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ātmatrāṇa

ātmatrāṇa - self-preservation, self-protection

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+trāṇa)

• ātman – self, soul, essence
  noun (masculine)
• trāṇa – protection, preservation, refuge
  noun (neuter)
  nominalization
  derived from root trai
  Root: trai (class 1)

वर्णदोषे (varṇadoṣe) - when there is a defect or disruption in the traditional social order (varṇa) (in a defect of the social order, when the social order is faulty)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of varṇadoṣa

varṇadoṣa - defect of social order, fault in class

Compound type : tatpurusha (varṇa+doṣa)

• varṇa – color, class, social order
  noun (masculine)
• doṣa – fault, defect, error, vice
  noun (masculine)

दुर्गस्य (durgasya) - of a fort, of a fortress

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of durga

durga - fort, fortress, difficult place

नियमेषु (niyameṣu) - in the rules, in the regulations

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of niyama

niyama - rule, regulation, restraint, observance

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)