महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-79, verse-4

भीष्म उवाच ।
सुरा लवणमित्येव तिलान्केसरिणः पशून् ।
ऋषभान्मधु मांसं च कृतान्नं च युधिष्ठिर ॥४॥

4. bhīṣma uvāca ,
surā lavaṇamityeva tilānkesariṇaḥ paśūn ,
ṛṣabhānmadhu māṁsaṁ ca kṛtānnaṁ ca yudhiṣṭhira.

4. bhīṣma uvāca | surā lavaṇam iti eva tilān kesariṇaḥ
paśūn | ṛṣabhān madhu māṃsam ca kṛtānnam ca yudhiṣṭhira

4. bhīṣma uvāca yudhiṣṭhira,
surā,
lavaṇam,
tilān,
kesariṇaḥ,
paśūn,
ṛṣabhān,
madhu,
māṃsam ca,
kṛtānnam ca iti eva

4. Bhishma said: O Yudhishthira, liquor, salt, sesame seeds, fierce animals (like lions), (other) animals, bulls, honey, meat, and cooked food (are items to be avoided).

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सुरा (surā) - liquor, alcohol

• लवणम् (lavaṇam) - salt

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating enumeration

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, emphasizing

• तिलान् (tilān) - sesame seeds

• केसरिणः (kesariṇaḥ) - In this context, likely refers to predatory or wild animals generally prohibited for sale by Brahmins. (lions; fierce animals)

• पशून् (paśūn) - Refers to animals in general, distinct from `kesariṇaḥ` (lions/fierce animals) and `ṛṣabhān` (bulls). (animals, beasts)

• ऋषभान् (ṛṣabhān) - bulls

• मधु (madhu) - honey, sweet substance

• मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat, flesh

• च (ca) - and

• कृतान्नम् (kṛtānnam) - cooked food, prepared food

• च (ca) - and

• युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्म (bhīṣma) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

सुरा (surā) - liquor, alcohol

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of surā

surā - liquor, alcohol, spirituous drink

Note: Used here in a list of items.

लवणम् (lavaṇam) - salt

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of lavaṇa

lavaṇa - salt

Note: Used here in a list of items.

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating enumeration

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, emphasizing

(indeclinable)

तिलान् (tilān) - sesame seeds

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tila

tila - sesame seed

Note: Used here in a list of items.

केसरिणः (kesariṇaḥ) - In this context, likely refers to predatory or wild animals generally prohibited for sale by Brahmins. (lions; fierce animals)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of kesarin

kesarin - having a mane, a lion, a fierce animal

पशून् (paśūn) - Refers to animals in general, distinct from `kesariṇaḥ` (lions/fierce animals) and `ṛṣabhān` (bulls). (animals, beasts)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of paśu

paśu - animal, cattle, beast

ऋषभान् (ṛṣabhān) - bulls

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ṛṣabha

ṛṣabha - bull, chief, excellent

Note: Specific mention of bulls, often considered sacred or useful for agriculture.

मधु (madhu) - honey, sweet substance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of madhu

madhu - honey, sweet

Note: Used here in a list of items.

मांसम् (māṁsam) - meat, flesh

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of māṃsa

māṁsa - meat, flesh

Note: Used here in a list of items.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कृतान्नम् (kṛtānnam) - cooked food, prepared food

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛtānna

kṛtānna - cooked food, prepared food

Compound type : karmadhāraya (kṛta+anna)

• kṛta – done, made, prepared
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √kṛ (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• anna – food, grain, cooked rice
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used here in a list of items.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

युधिष्ठिर (yudhiṣṭhira) - O Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (a proper name)