महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-79, verse-38

यमाश्रित्य नरा राजन्वर्तयेयुर्यथासुखम् ।
अनाथाः पाल्यमाना वै दस्युभिः परिपीडिताः ॥३८॥

38. yamāśritya narā rājanvartayeyuryathāsukham ,
anāthāḥ pālyamānā vai dasyubhiḥ paripīḍitāḥ.

38. yam āśritya narāḥ rājan vartayeyuḥ yathāsukham
anāthāḥ pālyamānāḥ vai dasyubhiḥ paripīḍitāḥ

38. rājan,
yam āśritya anāthāḥ dasyubhiḥ paripīḍitāḥ (ca) pālyamānāḥ narāḥ yathāsukham vartayeyuḥ.

38. O King, those helpless people, tormented by bandits, who are being protected and live happily by relying on him...

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom, which

• आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having resorted to, relying on, depending on

• नराः (narāḥ) - people, men

• राजन् (rājan) - O king!

• वर्तयेयुः (vartayeyuḥ) - they would live (they would live, they should conduct themselves)

• यथासुखम् (yathāsukham) - happily, comfortably, according to pleasure

• अनाथाः (anāthāḥ) - helpless, unprotected, masterless

• पाल्यमानाः (pālyamānāḥ) - being protected, being governed

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely (an emphatic particle)

• दस्युभिः (dasyubhiḥ) - by robbers, by bandits, by enemies

• परिपीडिताः (paripīḍitāḥ) - oppressed, tormented, harassed

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

आश्रित्य (āśritya) - having resorted to, relying on, depending on

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

From root śri (to resort to) with upasarga ā-, + -tya suffix

Prefix: ā

Root: śri (class 1)

नराः (narāḥ) - people, men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, person, human being

राजन् (rājan) - O king!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

वर्तयेयुः (vartayeyuḥ) - they would live (they would live, they should conduct themselves)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of vṛt

Causative of root vṛt (vartayati), often used as simple 'to live'

Root: vṛt (class 1)

यथासुखम् (yathāsukham) - happily, comfortably, according to pleasure

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+sukha)

• yathā – as, like, in which way, so that
  indeclinable
• sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease, comfort
  noun (neuter)

अनाथाः (anāthāḥ) - helpless, unprotected, masterless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anātha

anātha - without a protector, helpless, unprotected, masterless

Compound 'an' (not) + 'nātha' (protector)

Compound type : privative (an+nātha)

• an – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• nātha – lord, master, protector, refuge
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nath (class 1)

पाल्यमानाः (pālyamānāḥ) - being protected, being governed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pālyamāna

pālyamāna - being protected, being nourished, being guarded

Present Passive Participle

From causative root pālayati (from pā 'to protect') + -māna suffix

Root: pā (class 2)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely (an emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

दस्युभिः (dasyubhiḥ) - by robbers, by bandits, by enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dasyu

dasyu - a robber, bandit, enemy, demon

परिपीडिताः (paripīḍitāḥ) - oppressed, tormented, harassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of paripīḍita

paripīḍita - oppressed, afflicted, tormented, harassed

Past Passive Participle

From root pīḍ (to oppress) with upasarga pari-, + -ita suffix

Prefix: pari

Root: pīḍ (class 10)