महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-79, verse-2

भीष्म उवाच ।
अशक्तः क्षत्रधर्मेण वैश्यधर्मेण वर्तयेत् ।
कृषिगोरक्षमास्थाय व्यसने वृत्तिसंक्षये ॥२॥

2. bhīṣma uvāca ,
aśaktaḥ kṣatradharmeṇa vaiśyadharmeṇa vartayet ,
kṛṣigorakṣamāsthāya vyasane vṛttisaṁkṣaye.

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca aśaktaḥ kṣatradharmeṇa vaiśyadharmeṇa
vartayet kṛṣigorakṣam āsthāya vyasane vṛttisaṃkṣaye

2. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca.
[yaḥ brāhmaṇaḥ] kṣatradharmeṇa aśaktaḥ [bhavati saḥ],
vyasane vṛttisaṃkṣaye [sati],
kṛṣigorakṣam āsthāya,
vaiśyadharmeṇa vartayet.

2. Bhishma said: "One who is unable to live by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kshatriya, should subsist by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a Vaishya, resorting to agriculture and cattle rearing during a calamity or loss of livelihood."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of a warrior in Mahabharata)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अशक्तः (aśaktaḥ) - incapable, unable, powerless

• क्षत्रधर्मेण (kṣatradharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kshatriya, according to the duty/conduct of a warrior

• वैश्यधर्मेण (vaiśyadharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a vaishya, according to the duty/conduct of a merchant/farmer

• वर्तयेत् (vartayet) - should subsist, should live, should act

• कृषिगोरक्षम् (kṛṣigorakṣam) - agriculture and cattle protection/rearing

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having adopted, having taken refuge in

• व्यसने (vyasane) - in calamity, in misfortune, in distress

• वृत्तिसंक्षये (vṛttisaṁkṣaye) - in the loss of livelihood, in the destruction of profession

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (name of a warrior in Mahabharata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma, terrible, formidable

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

अशक्तः (aśaktaḥ) - incapable, unable, powerless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśakta

aśakta - unable, incapable, powerless

negation of śakta (past passive participle of śak 'to be able')

Root: śak (class 5)

क्षत्रधर्मेण (kṣatradharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kshatriya, according to the duty/conduct of a warrior

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - dharma of a kshatriya, duty of a warrior, conduct proper for a kshatriya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – warrior, kshatriya class
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, duty, natural law, constitution, righteousness
  noun (masculine)

वैश्यधर्मेण (vaiśyadharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a vaishya, according to the duty/conduct of a merchant/farmer

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vaiśyadharma

vaiśyadharma - dharma of a vaiśya, duty of a merchant/farmer, conduct proper for a vaiśya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaiśya+dharma)

• vaiśya – merchant, farmer, member of the third social class
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, duty, natural law, constitution, righteousness
  noun (masculine)

वर्तयेत् (vartayet) - should subsist, should live, should act

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of vṛt

Causative form (vartayati) in optative, implying 'cause to exist/subsist' or simply 'should maintain a livelihood'.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

कृषिगोरक्षम् (kṛṣigorakṣam) - agriculture and cattle protection/rearing

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṛṣigorakṣa

kṛṣigorakṣa - agriculture and cattle protection/rearing

Compound type : dvandva (kṛṣi+gorakṣā)

• kṛṣi – agriculture, cultivation
  noun (feminine)
• gorakṣā – cattle protection, cattle rearing
  noun (feminine)

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having resorted to, having adopted, having taken refuge in

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

व्यसने (vyasane) - in calamity, in misfortune, in distress

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vyasana

vyasana - calamity, misfortune, distress, addiction

वृत्तिसंक्षये (vṛttisaṁkṣaye) - in the loss of livelihood, in the destruction of profession

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vṛttisaṃkṣaya

vṛttisaṁkṣaya - loss of livelihood, destruction of profession

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vṛtti+saṃkṣaya)

• vṛtti – livelihood, profession, conduct
  noun (feminine)
• saṃkṣaya – destruction, loss, decay
  noun (masculine)