महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-79, verse-3

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
कानि पण्यानि विक्रीणन्स्वर्गलोकान्न हीयते ।
ब्राह्मणो वैश्यधर्मेण वर्तयन्भरतर्षभ ॥३॥

3. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
kāni paṇyāni vikrīṇansvargalokānna hīyate ,
brāhmaṇo vaiśyadharmeṇa vartayanbharatarṣabha.

3. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca kāni paṇyāni vikrīṇan svargalokāt na
hīyate brāhmaṇaḥ vaiśyadharmeṇa vartayan bharatarṣabha

3. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca.
bharatarṣabha,
vaiśyadharmeṇa vartayan brāhmaṇaḥ,
kāni paṇyāni vikrīṇan svargalokāt na hīyate?

3. Yudhishthira said: "O Chief of Bharatas, which marketable goods can a Brahmin sell, while subsisting according to the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a Vaishya, without being deprived of the heavenly worlds?"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कानि (kāni) - what, which

• पण्यानि (paṇyāni) - marketable goods, commodities, articles for sale

• विक्रीणन् (vikrīṇan) - selling, bartering

• स्वर्गलोकात् (svargalokāt) - from the heavenly worlds, from heaven

• न (na) - not, no

• हीयते (hīyate) - is deprived, suffers loss, falls from, deviates

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin, member of the priestly class

• वैश्यधर्मेण (vaiśyadharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a vaishya, according to the duty/conduct of a merchant/farmer

• वर्तयन् (vartayan) - subsisting, living, carrying on, acting

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O chief of Bharatas, O best of Bharatas (addressed to Bhishma)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira, firm in battle

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कानि (kāni) - what, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

पण्यानि (paṇyāni) - marketable goods, commodities, articles for sale

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of paṇya

paṇya - marketable, salable, commodity, goods for sale

विक्रीणन् (vikrīṇan) - selling, bartering

(verbal derivative)

स्वर्गलोकात् (svargalokāt) - from the heavenly worlds, from heaven

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of svargaloka

svargaloka - heavenly world, heaven

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarga+loka)

• svarga – heaven, paradise
  noun (masculine)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हीयते (hīyate) - is deprived, suffers loss, falls from, deviates

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of hā

Root: hā (class 3)

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin, member of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, related to Brahman

वैश्यधर्मेण (vaiśyadharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a vaishya, according to the duty/conduct of a merchant/farmer

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vaiśyadharma

vaiśyadharma - dharma of a vaiśya, duty of a merchant/farmer, conduct proper for a vaiśya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaiśya+dharma)

• vaiśya – merchant, farmer, member of the third social class
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, duty, natural law, constitution, righteousness
  noun (masculine)

वर्तयन् (vartayan) - subsisting, living, carrying on, acting

(verbal derivative)

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O chief of Bharatas, O best of Bharatas (addressed to Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - chief of Bharatas, best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, a king, a clan name
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)