महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-79, verse-1

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
व्याख्याता क्षत्रधर्मेण वृत्तिरापत्सु भारत ।
कथंचिद्वैश्यधर्मेण जीवेद्वा ब्राह्मणो न वा ॥१॥

1. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
vyākhyātā kṣatradharmeṇa vṛttirāpatsu bhārata ,
kathaṁcidvaiśyadharmeṇa jīvedvā brāhmaṇo na vā.

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca vyākhyātā kṣatradharmeṇa vṛttiḥ āpatsu
bhārata kathaṃcit vaiśyadharmeṇa jīvet vā brāhmaṇaḥ na vā

1. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca.
bhārata,
āpatsu kṣatradharmeṇa vṛttiḥ vyākhyātā.
kathaṃcit brāhmaṇaḥ vaiśyadharmeṇa jīvet vā na vā?

1. Yudhishthira said: "O Bharata, the livelihood (vṛtti) in times of calamity, according to the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kshatriya, has been explained. But, should a Brahmin somehow subsist by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a Vaishya, or not?"

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• व्याख्याता (vyākhyātā) - explained, described

• क्षत्रधर्मेण (kṣatradharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kshatriya, according to the duty/conduct of a warrior

• वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - livelihood, subsistence, conduct, profession

• आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities, in distress, in times of adversity

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata (addressed to Bhishma)

• कथंचित् (kathaṁcit) - somehow, by some means, by any means

• वैश्यधर्मेण (vaiśyadharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a vaishya, according to the duty/conduct of a merchant/farmer

• जीवेत् (jīvet) - should live, should subsist

• वा (vā) - or

• ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin, member of the priestly class

• न (na) - not, no

• वा (vā) - or

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pandava)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira, firm in battle

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

व्याख्याता (vyākhyātā) - explained, described

(verbal derivative)

क्षत्रधर्मेण (kṣatradharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a kshatriya, according to the duty/conduct of a warrior

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṣatradharma

kṣatradharma - dharma of a kshatriya, duty of a warrior, conduct proper for a kshatriya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣatra+dharma)

• kṣatra – warrior, kshatriya class
  noun (neuter)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, duty, natural law, constitution, righteousness
  noun (masculine)

वृत्तिः (vṛttiḥ) - livelihood, subsistence, conduct, profession

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of vṛtti

vṛtti - livelihood, conduct, mode of life, profession

आपत्सु (āpatsu) - in calamities, in distress, in times of adversity

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of āpat

āpat - calamity, distress, misfortune

भारत (bhārata) - O Bharata (addressed to Bhishma)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, a name

कथंचित् (kathaṁcit) - somehow, by some means, by any means

(indeclinable)

वैश्यधर्मेण (vaiśyadharmeṇa) - by the intrinsic nature (dharma) of a vaishya, according to the duty/conduct of a merchant/farmer

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vaiśyadharma

vaiśyadharma - dharma of a vaiśya, duty of a merchant/farmer, conduct proper for a vaiśya

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vaiśya+dharma)

• vaiśya – merchant, farmer, member of the third social class
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, duty, natural law, constitution, righteousness
  noun (masculine)

जीवेत् (jīvet) - should live, should subsist

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of jīv

Root: jīv (class 1)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मणः (brāhmaṇaḥ) - a brahmin, member of the priestly class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a brahmin, related to Brahman

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or

(indeclinable)