महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-321, verse-40

दृश्यते ज्ञानयोगेन आवां च प्रसृतौ ततः ।
एवं ज्ञात्वा तमात्मानं पूजयावः सनातनम् ॥४०॥

40. dṛśyate jñānayogena āvāṁ ca prasṛtau tataḥ ,
evaṁ jñātvā tamātmānaṁ pūjayāvaḥ sanātanam.

40. dṛśyate jñānayogena āvām ca prasṛtau tataḥ
evam jñātvā tam ātmānam pūjayāvaḥ sanātanam

40. saḥ jñānayogena dṛśyate tataḥ ca āvām prasṛtau
evam tam sanātanam ātmānam jñātvā āvām pūjayāvaḥ

40. He is seen through the path of knowledge (jñāna yoga). And from him, we two have emanated. Having thus known that eternal Self (ātman), we two worship him.

Words meanings summery:

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen (is seen, is perceived)

• ज्ञानयोगेन (jñānayogena) - by the path of knowledge (jñāna yoga) (by the yoga of knowledge, through spiritual knowledge)

• आवाम् (āvām) - we two (speakers) (we two, us two)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• प्रसृतौ (prasṛtau) - have emanated, originated (spread out, emanated, arisen)

• ततः (tataḥ) - from him (the Self) (thence, from that, then, therefore)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

• ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known (having known, having understood)

• तम् (tam) - him, that (the Self) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the Self (ātman) (the Self, soul, oneself)

• पूजयावः (pūjayāvaḥ) - we two worship (we two worship, we two honor)

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - the eternal one (eternal, ancient, everlasting)

Words meanings and morphology

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen (is seen, is perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Passive

from root 'dṛś' (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Subject is implied (the kṣetrajña/ātman from previous verse).

ज्ञानयोगेन (jñānayogena) - by the path of knowledge (jñāna yoga) (by the yoga of knowledge, through spiritual knowledge)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jñānayoga

jñānayoga - yoga of knowledge, path of spiritual insight

Compound: jñāna (knowledge) + yoga (union, discipline)

Compound type : tatpurusha (jñāna+yoga)

• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom
  noun (neuter)
  from root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• yoga – union, discipline, spiritual practice (yoga)
  noun (masculine)
  from root 'yuj' (to join, to yoke)
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Means by which something is seen.

आवाम् (āvām) - we two (speakers) (we two, us two)

(pronoun)

dual of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject for 'prasṛtau' and 'pūjayāvaḥ'. Here it is nominative.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

प्रसृतौ (prasṛtau) - have emanated, originated (spread out, emanated, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prasṛta

prasṛta - spread out, extended, emanated, arisen

Past Passive Participle

from pra- (forth) + root 'sṛ' (to flow, go)

Prefix: pra

Root: sṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'āvām'.

ततः (tataḥ) - from him (the Self) (thence, from that, then, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the source of emanation.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Qualifies the knowing.

ज्ञात्वा (jñātvā) - having known (having known, having understood)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root 'jñā' (to know) + -ktvā suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Action completed before 'pūjayāvaḥ'.

तम् (tam) - him, that (the Self) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'jñātvā' and 'pūjayāvaḥ'.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - the Self (ātman) (the Self, soul, oneself)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence (ātman)

Note: Object of 'jñātvā' and 'pūjayāvaḥ'.

पूजयावः (pūjayāvaḥ) - we two worship (we two worship, we two honor)

(verb)

1st person , dual, active, present (laṭ) of pūj

Present Active

from root 'pūj' (to worship)

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: The dual ending '-āvaḥ' indicates 'we two'.

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - the eternal one (eternal, ancient, everlasting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, ancient, everlasting, perpetual

Note: Agrees with 'ātmānam'.