महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-287, verse-19

मरणं जन्मनि प्रोक्तं जन्म वै मरणाश्रितम् ।
अविद्वान्मोक्षधर्मेषु बद्धो भ्रमति चक्रवत् ॥१९॥

19. maraṇaṁ janmani proktaṁ janma vai maraṇāśritam ,
avidvānmokṣadharmeṣu baddho bhramati cakravat.

19. maraṇam janmani proktam janma vai maraṇāśritam
avidvān mokṣadharmeṣu baddhaḥ bhramati cakravat

19. janmani maraṇam proktam vai janma maraṇāśritam
avidvān mokṣadharmeṣu baddhaḥ cakravat bhramati

19. Death is said to be inherent in birth, and birth itself is indeed dependent on death. An ignorant person, unaware of the natural laws (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa), remains bound and wanders about like a wheel (in the cycle of saṃsāra).

Words meanings summery:

• मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

• जन्मनि (janmani) - in birth, at birth

• प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - declared, said, proclaimed

• जन्म (janma) - birth, origin

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely

• मरणाश्रितम् (maraṇāśritam) - dependent on death, resorting to death

• अविद्वान् (avidvān) - ignorant, unwise person

• मोक्षधर्मेषु (mokṣadharmeṣu) - in the natural laws (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa)

• बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - bound, tied, fettered

• भ्रमति (bhramati) - wanders, roams, revolves

• चक्रवत् (cakravat) - like a wheel, wheel-like

Words meanings and morphology

मरणम् (maraṇam) - death, dying

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇa

maraṇa - death, dying

derived from root mṛ

Root: mṛ (class 6)

जन्मनि (janmani) - in birth, at birth

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, life

Root: jan (class 4)

प्रोक्तम् (proktam) - declared, said, proclaimed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prokta

prokta - said, declared, proclaimed

Past Passive Participle

derived from root vac with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

जन्म (janma) - birth, origin

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of janman

janman - birth, origin, life

nominative singular

Root: jan (class 4)

वै (vai) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

मरणाश्रितम् (maraṇāśritam) - dependent on death, resorting to death

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of maraṇāśrita

maraṇāśrita - dependent on death, resting on death

Compound type : tatpurusha (maraṇa+āśrita)

• maraṇa – death, dying
  noun (neuter)
  Root: mṛ (class 6)
• āśrita – dependent on, resorted to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root śri with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: śri (class 1)

अविद्वान् (avidvān) - ignorant, unwise person

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of avidvas

avidvas - ignorant, unwise

Present Active Participle (negative)

a (not) + vidvas (knowing, wise), derived from root vid with śatṛ suffix

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vidvas)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative particle
• vidvas – knowing, learned, wise
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  derived from root vid with śatṛ suffix
  Root: vid (class 2)

मोक्षधर्मेषु (mokṣadharmeṣu) - in the natural laws (dharma) of liberation (mokṣa)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of mokṣadharma

mokṣadharma - natural law of liberation, principles of salvation

Compound type : tatpurusha (mokṣa+dharma)

• mokṣa – liberation, release, salvation
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root muc
  Root: muc (class 6)
• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness, constitution
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

बद्धः (baddhaḥ) - bound, tied, fettered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of baddha

baddha - bound, tied, restrained

Past Passive Participle

derived from root bandh

Root: bandh (class 9)

भ्रमति (bhramati) - wanders, roams, revolves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhram

Present Tense

Active voice, 3rd person singular

Root: bhram (class 1)

चक्रवत् (cakravat) - like a wheel, wheel-like

(indeclinable)

suffix vat meaning 'like' or 'as'