महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-287, verse-12

यथा भानुगतं तेजो मणिः शुद्धः समाधिना ।
आदत्ते राजशार्दूल तथा योगः प्रवर्तते ॥१२॥

12. yathā bhānugataṁ tejo maṇiḥ śuddhaḥ samādhinā ,
ādatte rājaśārdūla tathā yogaḥ pravartate.

12. yathā bhānugatam tejaḥ maṇiḥ śuddhaḥ samādhinā
ādatte rājaśārdūla tathā yogaḥ pravartate

12. rājaśārdūla,
yathā śuddhaḥ maṇiḥ bhānugatam tejaḥ samādhinā ādatte,
tathā yogaḥ pravartate

12. O tiger among kings, just as a pure gem absorbs the sun's light through profound concentration (samādhi), so too does the practice of yoga proceed.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

• भानुगतम् (bhānugatam) - sun's (light), from the sun (gone to the sun, solar)

• तेजः (tejaḥ) - light (light, brilliance, energy, splendor)

• मणिः (maṇiḥ) - gem (gem, jewel, pearl)

• शुद्धः (śuddhaḥ) - pure (pure, clean, clear)

• समाधिना (samādhinā) - by profound concentration (samādhi) (by concentration, by intense meditation, by absorption)

• आदत्ते (ādatte) - absorbs (takes, receives, absorbs, grasps)

• राजशार्दूल (rājaśārdūla) - O tiger among kings (O tiger among kings, O best of kings)

• तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, in the same way)

• योगः (yogaḥ) - practice of yoga (yoga, union, discipline, method, connection)

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - proceeds (proceeds, functions, manifests, is practiced)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in what manner)

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb to 'tathā'.

भानुगतम् (bhānugatam) - sun's (light), from the sun (gone to the sun, solar)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhānugata

bhānugata - gone to the sun, solar, connected with the sun

Tatpurusha compound: 'bhānu' (sun) + 'gata' (gone, reached).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhānu+gata)

• bhānu – sun, light, ray
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhā' (to shine).
  Root: bhā (class 2)
• gata – gone, arrived, reached, obtained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go) + 'kta' suffix.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'tejaḥ'.

तेजः (tejaḥ) - light (light, brilliance, energy, splendor)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - light, brilliance, splendor, energy, spiritual power

From root 'tij' (to be sharp) or 'tij' (to shine).

Root: tij (class 1)

Note: Final sibilant (s) of stem 'tejas' becomes 'ḥ' (visarga) in nominative/accusative singular neuter.

मणिः (maṇiḥ) - gem (gem, jewel, pearl)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maṇi

maṇi - jewel, gem, pearl, bead

From root 'maṇ' (to sound) or 'maṇ' (to honor).

Root: maṇ (class 1)

शुद्धः (śuddhaḥ) - pure (pure, clean, clear)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śuddha

śuddha - pure, clean, clear, white, faultless

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śudh' (to be pure, clean) + 'kta' suffix.

Root: śudh (class 4)

समाधिना (samādhinā) - by profound concentration (samādhi) (by concentration, by intense meditation, by absorption)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samādhi

samādhi - concentration, meditation, absorption, profound contemplation, mental fixity

From 'sam-ā' (prefixes) + root 'dhā' (to place, put, establish).

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Means by which the gem absorbs light.

आदत्ते (ādatte) - absorbs (takes, receives, absorbs, grasps)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ādā

present

From 'ā' (prefix) + root 'dā' (to give - but in middle voice means to take).

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

राजशार्दूल (rājaśārdūla) - O tiger among kings (O tiger among kings, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājaśārdūla

rājaśārdūla - tiger among kings, best of kings, chief of kings

Karmadhāraya compound: 'rājan' (king) + 'śārdūla' (tiger, used metaphorically to mean 'best').

Compound type : karmadhāraya (rājan+śārdūla)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'rāj' (to rule).
  Root: rāj (class 1)
• śārdūla – tiger, panther, pre-eminent among
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, in the same way)

(indeclinable)

Correlative adverb to 'yathā'.

योगः (yogaḥ) - practice of yoga (yoga, union, discipline, method, connection)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yoga

yoga - union, conjunction, joining, discipline, method, spiritual practice, means, effort

From root 'yuj' (to join, unite, yoke) + 'ghañ' suffix.

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Subject of the second clause.

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - proceeds (proceeds, functions, manifests, is practiced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pravṛt

present

From 'pra' (prefix) + root 'vṛt' (to be, exist, turn).

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)