महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-287, verse-10

वीतरागो जितक्रोधः सम्यग्भवति यः सदा ।
विषये वर्तमानोऽपि न स पापेन युज्यते ॥१०॥

10. vītarāgo jitakrodhaḥ samyagbhavati yaḥ sadā ,
viṣaye vartamāno'pi na sa pāpena yujyate.

10. vītarāgaḥ jitakrodhaḥ samyak bhavati yaḥ sadā
viṣaye vartamānaḥ api na saḥ pāpena yujyate

10. yaḥ sadā vītarāgaḥ jitakrodhaḥ samyak bhavati,
(saḥ) viṣaye vartamānaḥ api saḥ pāpena na yujyate

10. Whoever is always free from attachment and has conquered anger truly achieves perfection. Even while engaged in worldly matters, he is not tainted by sin.

Words meanings summery:

• वीतरागः (vītarāgaḥ) - free from attachment/passion, dispassionate

• जितक्रोधः (jitakrodhaḥ) - who has conquered anger

• सम्यक् (samyak) - truly, perfectly (perfectly, properly, thoroughly, completely)

• भवति (bhavati) - achieves (perfection) (becomes, is, exists)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• विषये (viṣaye) - in worldly matters (sense objects) (in the object, in the sphere, in matters)

• वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - engaged (in worldly matters) (existing, being present, acting, engaged)

• अपि (api) - even while (even, also, though)

• न (na) - not

• सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

• पापेन (pāpena) - by sin, by evil

• युज्यते (yujyate) - is tainted (by sin) (is joined, is connected, is affected, is yoked)

Words meanings and morphology

वीतरागः (vītarāgaḥ) - free from attachment/passion, dispassionate

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vītarāga

vītarāga - free from passion/desire/attachment; dispassionate

Bahuvrihi compound: 'vīta' (gone, disappeared) + 'rāga' (passion, attachment).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vīta+rāga)

• vīta – gone, disappeared, passed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'i' (to go) + 'vi' (prefix) + 'kta' suffix.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: i (class 2)
• rāga – color, hue, passion, desire, attachment, affection
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'rañj' (to color, dye, please).
  Root: rañj (class 1)

जितक्रोधः (jitakrodhaḥ) - who has conquered anger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jitakrodha

jitakrodha - one who has conquered anger

Bahuvrihi compound: 'jita' (conquered) + 'krodha' (anger).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (jita+krodha)

• jita – conquered, won, subdued
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ji' (to conquer, win) + 'kta' suffix.
  Root: ji (class 1)
• krodha – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'krudh' (to be angry).
  Root: krudh (class 4)

सम्यक् (samyak) - truly, perfectly (perfectly, properly, thoroughly, completely)

(indeclinable)

From 'sam' (with, together, completely) + root 'añc' (to bend, go).

Root: añc (class 1)

Note: Adverb modifying 'bhavati'.

भवति (bhavati) - achieves (perfection) (becomes, is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

present

Root: bhū (class 1)

यः (yaḥ) - who, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'bhavati'.

विषये (viṣaye) - in worldly matters (sense objects) (in the object, in the sphere, in matters)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viṣaya

viṣaya - object (of sense), sphere, domain, subject-matter, scope, worldly matter

From 'vi' (prefix) + root 'si' or 'ṣi' (to bind).

Prefix: vi

Root: si / ṣi (class 5)

वर्तमानः (vartamānaḥ) - engaged (in worldly matters) (existing, being present, acting, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vartamāna

vartamāna - present, existing, being, acting, engaged

Present Middle Participle

From root 'vṛt' (to be, exist, turn) + 'śānac' suffix.

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अपि (api) - even while (even, also, though)

(indeclinable)

Particle of concession.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he, that (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पापेन (pāpena) - by sin, by evil

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pāpa

pāpa - sin, evil, vice, wickedness

युज्यते (yujyate) - is tainted (by sin) (is joined, is connected, is affected, is yoked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of yuj

present

From root 'yuj'. Here in passive voice, 4th class equivalent.

Root: yuj (class 7)