महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-284, verse-27

यदिष्टं तत्सुखं प्राहुर्द्वेष्यं दुःखमिहोच्यते ।
कृताकृतस्य तपसः फलं पश्यस्व यादृशम् ॥२७॥

27. yadiṣṭaṁ tatsukhaṁ prāhurdveṣyaṁ duḥkhamihocyate ,
kṛtākṛtasya tapasaḥ phalaṁ paśyasva yādṛśam.

27. yat iṣṭam tat sukham prāhuḥ dveṣyam duḥkham iha
ucyate kṛtākṛtasya tapasaḥ phalam paśyasva yādṛśam

27. yat iṣṭam tat sukham prāhuḥ dveṣyam iha duḥkham
ucyate kṛtākṛtasya tapasaḥ yādṛśam phalam paśyasva

27. That which is desired, they declare to be happiness; that which is disliked is here said to be suffering. Observe for yourself what kind of result (phala) comes from austerity (tapas), both performed and unperformed.

Words meanings summery:

• यत् (yat) - that which (that which, whatever, which)

• इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - is desired (desired, wished, beloved, sacrificed)

• तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, pleasure, ease)

• प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare (they say, they declare)

• द्वेष्यम् (dveṣyam) - that which is disliked (that which is disliked, hateful, to be hated)

• दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, unhappiness, pain)

• इह (iha) - here (in this context/world) (here, in this world, at this place)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said to be (is said, is called, is spoken)

• कृताकृतस्य (kṛtākṛtasya) - of both performed and unperformed (of what is done and not done, of action and non-action)

• तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of austerity (tapas) (of austerity, of penance, of heat (tapas))

• फलम् (phalam) - result (phala) (fruit, result, consequence, reward)

• पश्यस्व (paśyasva) - observe for yourself (behold, see, observe (yourself))

• यादृशम् (yādṛśam) - what kind of (of what kind, such as, similar to what)

Words meanings and morphology

यत् (yat) - that which (that which, whatever, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that, who

इष्टम् (iṣṭam) - is desired (desired, wished, beloved, sacrificed)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of iṣṭa

iṣṭa - desired, wished, beloved, liked, worshiped, sacrificed

Past Passive Participle

From root iṣ (to wish, to desire) or yaj (to sacrifice)

Root: iṣ/yaj (class 4)

तत् (tat) - that (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, pleasure, ease)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, pleasure, ease, joy

प्राहुः (prāhuḥ) - they declare (they say, they declare)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of prabru

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural

Root brū with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: brū (class 2)

द्वेष्यम् (dveṣyam) - that which is disliked (that which is disliked, hateful, to be hated)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dveṣya

dveṣya - that which is disliked, hateful, to be hated

Gerundive

Derived from root dviṣ (to hate, to dislike) with suffix -ya

Root: dviṣ (class 2)

दुःखम् (duḥkham) - suffering (suffering, unhappiness, pain)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkha

duḥkha - suffering, unhappiness, pain, sorrow

इह (iha) - here (in this context/world) (here, in this world, at this place)

(indeclinable)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said to be (is said, is called, is spoken)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vac

Present tense, 3rd person singular

Root vac, class 2 (adādi), passive voice stem ucya

Root: vac (class 2)

कृताकृतस्य (kṛtākṛtasya) - of both performed and unperformed (of what is done and not done, of action and non-action)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kṛtākṛta

kṛtākṛta - done and not done, performed and unperformed, good and bad

Compound type : dvandva (kṛta+akṛta)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root kṛ (to do, to make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• akṛta – not done, unmade, undone
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Negative prefix 'a' + 'kṛta' (done)
  Prefix: a
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Agrees with 'tapasaḥ'

तपसः (tapasaḥ) - of austerity (tapas) (of austerity, of penance, of heat (tapas))

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, heat, religious mortification

From root tap (to heat, to perform austerity)

Root: tap (class 1)

फलम् (phalam) - result (phala) (fruit, result, consequence, reward)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward, effect

पश्यस्व (paśyasva) - observe for yourself (behold, see, observe (yourself))

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Imperative mood, 2nd person singular

Root dṛś, class 1, with present stem paśya, middle voice

Root: dṛś (class 1)

यादृशम् (yādṛśam) - what kind of (of what kind, such as, similar to what)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yādṛśa

yādṛśa - of what kind, such as, similar to what

Note: Agrees with 'phalam'