महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-284, verse-13

दुर्लभो हि मनुष्येन्द्र नरः प्रत्यवमर्शवान् ।
यो वै प्रियसुखे क्षीणे तपः कर्तुं व्यवस्यति ॥१३॥

13. durlabho hi manuṣyendra naraḥ pratyavamarśavān ,
yo vai priyasukhe kṣīṇe tapaḥ kartuṁ vyavasyati.

13. durlabhaḥ hi manuṣyendra naraḥ pratyavamarśavān
yaḥ vai priyasukhe kṣīṇe tapaḥ kartum vyavasyati

13. manuṣyendra hi pratyavamarśavān naraḥ durlabhaḥ
yaḥ vai priyasukhe kṣīṇe tapaḥ kartum vyavasyati

13. Indeed, O ruler of men, rare is the person who is discerning (pratyavamarśavān), who truly resolves to undertake spiritual discipline (tapas) when cherished pleasures and comforts have diminished.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (rare, difficult to obtain)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

• मनुष्येन्द्र (manuṣyendra) - O ruler of men (O king of men, O chief of men)

• नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person)

• प्रत्यवमर्शवान् (pratyavamarśavān) - discerning (reflective, discerning, thoughtful)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

• वै (vai) - truly (indeed, surely)

• प्रियसुखे (priyasukhe) - when cherished pleasures and comforts (in dear pleasures, when dear pleasures)

• क्षीणे (kṣīṇe) - have diminished (diminished, exhausted, wasted)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual discipline (tapas) (austerity, penance, spiritual discipline)

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to undertake (to do, to perform, to make)

• व्यवस्यति (vyavasyati) - resolves (resolves, determines, endeavors)

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (rare, difficult to obtain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - rare, difficult to obtain, hard to find

Compound (dur + labha)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+labha)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard
  indeclinable
  prefix
• labha – obtaining, gain, acquisition
  noun (masculine)
  From √labh (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Refers to 'naraḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

particle

मनुष्येन्द्र (manuṣyendra) - O ruler of men (O king of men, O chief of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of manuṣyendra

manuṣyendra - king of men, chief of men, best among men

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (manuṣya+indra)

• manuṣya – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – Indra (name of a deity), chief, best
  noun (masculine)

नरः (naraḥ) - person (man, person)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, human being, person

Root: nṛ

प्रत्यवमर्शवान् (pratyavamarśavān) - discerning (reflective, discerning, thoughtful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratyavamarśavat

pratyavamarśavat - possessing reflection, thoughtful, discerning

Derived from pratyavamardha (reflection) + -vat (possessive suffix)

Note: The suffix -vat forms adjectives meaning "possessing" or "endowed with".

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Corresponds to 'naraḥ'.

वै (vai) - truly (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

particle

प्रियसुखे (priyasukhe) - when cherished pleasures and comforts (in dear pleasures, when dear pleasures)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of priyasukha

priyasukha - dear pleasures, cherished comforts

Compound

Compound type : karmadhāraya (priya+sukha)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant
  adjective (neuter)
• sukha – pleasure, comfort, happiness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to multiple pleasures/comforts.

क्षीणे (kṣīṇe) - have diminished (diminished, exhausted, wasted)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of kṣīṇa

kṣīṇa - diminished, exhausted, wasted, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From √kṣi (to decay, waste away).

Root: kṣi (class 5)

Note: Functions as a participle in a locative absolute construction.

तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual discipline (tapas) (austerity, penance, spiritual discipline)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, asceticism, austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

Derived from √tap (to heat, to perform austerity)

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Object of 'kartum'.

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to undertake (to do, to perform, to make)

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Infinitive form of √kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Expresses purpose.

व्यवस्यति (vyavasyati) - resolves (resolves, determines, endeavors)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √so

Present Active Indicative

Present 3rd person singular, parasmaipada. Root √so, class 4, with prefixes 'vi' and 'ava'.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: so (class 4)