महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-284, verse-14

तपः सर्वगतं तात हीनस्यापि विधीयते ।
जितेन्द्रियस्य दान्तस्य स्वर्गमार्गप्रदेशकम् ॥१४॥

14. tapaḥ sarvagataṁ tāta hīnasyāpi vidhīyate ,
jitendriyasya dāntasya svargamārgapradeśakam.

14. tapaḥ sarvagatām tāta hīnasya api vidhīyate
jitendriyasya dāntasya svargamārgapradeśakam

14. tāta tapaḥ sarvagatām hīnasya api vidhīyate
jitendriyasya dāntasya svargamārgapradeśakam

14. O dear child, spiritual discipline (tapas) is universally applicable; it is prescribed even for the humble. For one who has conquered the senses (jitendriya) and is self-controlled, it shows the path to heaven.

Words meanings summery:

• तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual discipline (tapas) (austerity, penance, spiritual discipline)

• सर्वगताम् (sarvagatām) - universally applicable (all-pervading, universal, applicable to all)

• तात (tāta) - O dear child (O dear one, O child, O father)

• हीनस्य (hīnasya) - of the humble (of the lowly, of the poor, of the deficient, of the abandoned)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed (is ordained, is prescribed, is performed)

• जितेन्द्रियस्य (jitendriyasya) - of one who has conquered the senses (jitendriya) (of one who has conquered senses)

• दान्तस्य (dāntasya) - of one who is self-controlled (of the self-controlled, of the subdued, of the tamed)

• स्वर्गमार्गप्रदेशकम् (svargamārgapradeśakam) - shows the path to heaven (guide to the path of heaven) (showing the way to heaven, guide to the path of heaven)

Words meanings and morphology

तपः (tapaḥ) - spiritual discipline (tapas) (austerity, penance, spiritual discipline)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, asceticism, austerity, penance, spiritual discipline

Derived from √tap (to heat, to perform austerity)

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'vidhīyate'.

सर्वगताम् (sarvagatām) - universally applicable (all-pervading, universal, applicable to all)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarvagata

sarvagata - all-pervading, universal, omnipresent

Past Passive Participle (secondary sense as adjective)

Compound (sarva + gata), from √gam (to go).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+gata)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  pronoun (neuter)
• gata – gone, reached, obtained
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ'.

तात (tāta) - O dear child (O dear one, O child, O father)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one, child (term of endearment for addressing father or younger/older people)

हीनस्य (hīnasya) - of the humble (of the lowly, of the poor, of the deficient, of the abandoned)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of hīna

hīna - abandoned, devoid of, deprived, lowly, inferior, deficient

Past Passive Participle

From √hā (to abandon, to leave).

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Here used substantively, 'of one who is lowly/humble'.

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

particle

Note: Emphasizes 'hīnasya'.

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed (is ordained, is prescribed, is performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of √dhā

Present Passive Indicative

Present 3rd person singular, ātmanepada. Root √dhā with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

जितेन्द्रियस्य (jitendriyasya) - of one who has conquered the senses (jitendriya) (of one who has conquered senses)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jitendriya

jitendriya - one who has conquered his senses, self-controlled

Compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jita+indriya)

• jita – conquered, subdued, won
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• indriya – sense organ, faculty, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'dāntasya'.

दान्तस्य (dāntasya) - of one who is self-controlled (of the self-controlled, of the subdued, of the tamed)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dānta

dānta - self-controlled, subdued, tamed, calm

Past Passive Participle

From √dam (to tame, control).

Root: dam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'jitendriyasya'.

स्वर्गमार्गप्रदेशकम् (svargamārgapradeśakam) - shows the path to heaven (guide to the path of heaven) (showing the way to heaven, guide to the path of heaven)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svargamārgapradeśaka

svargamārgapradeśaka - guide to the path of heaven, showing the way to heaven

Compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (svarga+mārga+pradeśaka)

• svarga – heaven, paradise
  noun (masculine)
• mārga – path, way, road
  noun (masculine)
• pradeśaka – one who points out, indicator, guide
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from pra + √diś (to point out)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'tapaḥ'.