महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-284, verse-26

नष्टप्रज्ञो यदा भवति तदा न्यायं न पश्यति ।
तस्मात्सुखक्षये प्राप्ते पुमानुग्रं तपश्चरेत् ॥२६॥

26. naṣṭaprajño yadā bhavati tadā nyāyaṁ na paśyati ,
tasmātsukhakṣaye prāpte pumānugraṁ tapaścaret.

26. naṣṭaprajñaḥ yadā bhavati tadā nyāyam na paśyati
tasmāt sukhakṣaye prāpte pumān ugram tapaḥ caret

26. yadā naṣṭaprajñaḥ bhavati tadā nyāyam na paśyati
tasmāt sukhakṣaye prāpte pumān ugram tapaḥ caret

26. When a person becomes one whose wisdom (prajñā) is lost, they no longer perceive what is right or just (nyāya). Therefore, when happiness diminishes or is lost, a person should undertake severe austerity (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• नष्टप्रज्ञः (naṣṭaprajñaḥ) - one whose wisdom (prajñā) is lost (one whose wisdom is lost, deprived of intellect)

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is, exists)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• न्यायम् (nyāyam) - what is right or just (justice, right, truth, proper conduct, rule)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• पश्यति (paśyati) - perceive (sees, perceives, observes)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

• सुखक्षये (sukhakṣaye) - when happiness diminishes or is lost (in the destruction of happiness, in the loss of joy)

• प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when it has arrived/occurred (referring to loss of happiness) (having obtained, having reached, having occurred)

• पुमान् (pumān) - a person (man, male, person, human being)

• उग्रम् (ugram) - severe (severe, fierce, dreadful, intense)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, religious mortification (tapas))

• चरेत् (caret) - should undertake/perform (should perform, should practice, should act)

Words meanings and morphology

नष्टप्रज्ञः (naṣṭaprajñaḥ) - one whose wisdom (prajñā) is lost (one whose wisdom is lost, deprived of intellect)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naṣṭaprajña

naṣṭaprajña - one whose wisdom is lost, deprived of intellect

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (naṣṭa+prajñā)

• naṣṭa – lost, destroyed, ruined, perished
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root naś (to perish, to be lost)
  Root: naś (class 4)
• prajñā – wisdom, discernment, insight, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  from pra-jñā (to know, to understand)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: jñā (class 9)

यदा (yadā) - when (when, at which time)

(indeclinable)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of bhū

Present tense, 3rd person singular

Root bhū, class 1 (bhvādi)

Root: bhū (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

न्यायम् (nyāyam) - what is right or just (justice, right, truth, proper conduct, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nyāya

nyāya - justice, right, truth, proper method, logic, rule

From ni-i (to go, to lead) + -a (suffix)

Prefix: ni

Root: i (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

पश्यति (paśyati) - perceive (sees, perceives, observes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of dṛś

Present tense, 3rd person singular

Root dṛś, class 1, with present stem paśya

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

(indeclinable)

Ablative singular of 'tad' used as an indeclinable

सुखक्षये (sukhakṣaye) - when happiness diminishes or is lost (in the destruction of happiness, in the loss of joy)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sukhakṣaya

sukhakṣaya - destruction of happiness, loss of joy

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+kṣaya)

• sukha – happiness, joy, pleasure
  noun (neuter)
• kṣaya – destruction, loss, decay, end
  noun (masculine)
  from root kṣi (to destroy, to diminish)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when it has arrived/occurred (referring to loss of happiness) (having obtained, having reached, having occurred)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived, occurred

Past Passive Participle

Root āp with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'sukhakṣaye'

पुमान् (pumān) - a person (man, male, person, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pumans

pumans - man, male, person, human being, spirit

उग्रम् (ugram) - severe (severe, fierce, dreadful, intense)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ugra

ugra - severe, fierce, dreadful, intense, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'tapaḥ'

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (austerity, penance, religious mortification (tapas))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - austerity, penance, religious mortification, heat

From root tap (to heat, to perform austerity)

Root: tap (class 1)

चरेत् (caret) - should undertake/perform (should perform, should practice, should act)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of car

Optative mood, 3rd person singular

Root car, class 1 (bhvādi)

Root: car (class 1)