महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-284, verse-24

सुखितो दुःखितो वापि नरो लोभं परित्यजेत् ।
अवेक्ष्य मनसा शास्त्रं बुद्ध्या च नृपसत्तम ॥२४॥

24. sukhito duḥkhito vāpi naro lobhaṁ parityajet ,
avekṣya manasā śāstraṁ buddhyā ca nṛpasattama.

24. sukhitaḥ duḥkhitaḥ vā api naraḥ lobham parityajet
avekṣya manasā śāstram buddhyā ca nṛpasattama

24. nṛpasattama naraḥ sukhitaḥ vā duḥkhitaḥ api manasā
buddhyā ca śāstram avekṣya lobham parityajet

24. O best among kings, whether a person is happy or unhappy, they should abandon greed, having carefully considered the scriptures with their mind and intellect.

Words meanings summery:

• सुखितः (sukhitaḥ) - happy, in a state of happiness (happy, pleased, joyful)

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - unhappy, in a state of distress (unhappy, distressed, sorrowful)

• वा (vā) - or (or, either, perhaps)

• अपि (api) - even if, whether (even, also, too, moreover)

• नरः (naraḥ) - a person (man, person, human being)

• लोभम् (lobham) - greed (greed, covetousness, avarice)

• परित्यजेत् (parityajet) - should abandon (should abandon, should give up, should renounce)

• अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having carefully considered (having observed, having considered, having seen)

• मनसा (manasā) - with their mind (by the mind, with the mind, mentally)

• शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - the scriptures (scripture, treatise, sacred text, doctrine, rule)

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - and by intellect (by the intellect, by understanding, by reason)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best among kings (O best among kings, O most excellent king)

Words meanings and morphology

सुखितः (sukhitaḥ) - happy, in a state of happiness (happy, pleased, joyful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhita

sukhita - pleased, happy, joyful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from sukha (happiness) or root sukh (to be happy)

Root: sukh (class 1)

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - unhappy, in a state of distress (unhappy, distressed, sorrowful)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - unhappy, distressed, sorrowful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from duḥkha (unhappiness) or root duḥkh (to be unhappy)

Root: duḥkh (class 1)

वा (vā) - or (or, either, perhaps)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even if, whether (even, also, too, moreover)

(indeclinable)

नरः (naraḥ) - a person (man, person, human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nara

nara - man, person, human being, hero

Root: nṛ

लोभम् (lobham) - greed (greed, covetousness, avarice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lobha

lobha - greed, covetousness, avarice, desire

Derived from root lubh (to covet, to be disturbed)

Root: lubh (class 4)

परित्यजेत् (parityajet) - should abandon (should abandon, should give up, should renounce)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of parityaj

Optative mood, 3rd person singular

Root tyaj with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)

अवेक्ष्य (avekṣya) - having carefully considered (having observed, having considered, having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root īkṣ with prefix ava-, followed by suffix -ya

Prefix: ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

मनसा (manasā) - with their mind (by the mind, with the mind, mentally)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, understanding

शास्त्रम् (śāstram) - the scriptures (scripture, treatise, sacred text, doctrine, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śāstra

śāstra - scripture, treatise, sacred text, doctrine, rule, science

Derived from root śās (to command, to teach)

Root: śās (class 2)

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - and by intellect (by the intellect, by understanding, by reason)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, reason, perception, wisdom

Derived from root budh (to know, to understand)

Root: budh (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best among kings (O best among kings, O most excellent king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best among kings, most excellent king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, ruler, protector of men
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• sattama – best, most excellent, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree from sat (good, existing)