महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-1, verse-8

पितॄणां पुत्रपौत्राणां ज्ञातीनां सुहृदां तथा ।
गुरूणां चानुपूर्व्येण प्रेतकार्याणि कारय ॥८॥

8. pitṝṇāṁ putrapautrāṇāṁ jñātīnāṁ suhṛdāṁ tathā ,
gurūṇāṁ cānupūrvyeṇa pretakāryāṇi kāraya.

8. pitṝṇām putrapautrāṇām jñātīnām suhṛdām tathā
gurūṇām ca ānupūrvyeṇa pretakāryāṇi kāraya

8. tathā pitṝṇām putrapautrāṇām jñātīnām suhṛdām ca gurūṇām ānupūrvyeṇa pretakāryāṇi kāraya.

8. Perform the funeral rites for fathers, sons, grandsons, relatives, friends, and also for teachers, in due order.

Words meanings summery:

• पितॄणाम् (pitṝṇām) - of fathers, of ancestors

• पुत्रपौत्राणाम् (putrapautrāṇām) - of sons and grandsons

• ज्ञातीनाम् (jñātīnām) - of relatives, of kinsmen

• सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends

• तथा (tathā) - and, likewise, also

• गुरूणाम् (gurūṇām) - of teachers, of elders (guru)

• च (ca) - and

• आनुपूर्व्येण (ānupūrvyeṇa) - in due order, successively

• प्रेतकार्याणि (pretakāryāṇi) - rites for the deceased, funeral rites

• कारय (kāraya) - cause to perform, perform (causative imperative)

Words meanings and morphology

पितॄणाम् (pitṝṇām) - of fathers, of ancestors

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

पुत्रपौत्राणाम् (putrapautrāṇām) - of sons and grandsons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putrapautra

putrapautra - son and grandson, children and grandchildren

Compound type : dvandva (putra+pautra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• pautra – grandson
  noun (masculine)

ज्ञातीनाम् (jñātīnām) - of relatives, of kinsmen

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jñāti

jñāti - relative, kinsman, caste-fellow

Root: jñā

सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of friends

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, good-hearted person

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)

तथा (tathā) - and, likewise, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunctive particle.

गुरूणाम् (gurūṇām) - of teachers, of elders (guru)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, elder, heavy, important

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

आनुपूर्व्येण (ānupūrvyeṇa) - in due order, successively

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ānupūrvya

ānupūrvya - succession, regular order, sequence

Note: Used adverbially.

प्रेतकार्याणि (pretakāryāṇi) - rites for the deceased, funeral rites

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of pretakārya

pretakārya - rites for the dead, funeral ceremonies

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (preta+kārya)

• preta – deceased, dead, a departed spirit
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from pra-i (to go forth)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: i
• kārya – duty, action, business, work
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  from root kṛ (to do), 'to be done'
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Object of 'kāraya'.

कारय (kāraya) - cause to perform, perform (causative imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kār

causative active imperative

from root kṛ (to do) with causative suffix -āya

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: The implied subject is 'you' (the king).