महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-1, verse-30

मधु यः केवलं दृष्ट्वा प्रपातं नानुपश्यति ।
स भ्रष्टो मधुलोभेन शोचत्येव यथा भवान् ॥३०॥

30. madhu yaḥ kevalaṁ dṛṣṭvā prapātaṁ nānupaśyati ,
sa bhraṣṭo madhulobhena śocatyeva yathā bhavān.

30. madhu yaḥ kevalam dṛṣṭvā prapātam na anupaśyati
saḥ bhraṣṭaḥ madhulobhena śocati eva yathā bhavān

30. yaḥ kevalam madhu dṛṣṭvā prapātam na anupaśyati
saḥ madhulobhena bhraṣṭaḥ yathā bhavān eva śocati

30. One who sees only the honey and does not perceive the precipice, such a person, ruined by greed for honey, surely grieves, just as you do.

Words meanings summery:

• मधु (madhu) - honey (honey, sweet, mead)

• यः (yaḥ) - who, one who (who, which, what)

• केवलम् (kevalam) - only (only, exclusively, merely; simple, pure)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• प्रपातम् (prapātam) - the precipice (a fall, precipice, calamity, falling down)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• अनुपश्यति (anupaśyati) - perceives (sees, perceives, observes)

• सः (saḥ) - he, such a person (he, that)

• भ्रष्टः (bhraṣṭaḥ) - ruined (fallen, deviated, ruined, lost)

• मधुलोभेन (madhulobhena) - by greed for honey (by greed for honey, by the desire for honey)

• शोचति (śocati) - grieves (grieves, sorrows, laments)

• एव (eva) - surely, indeed (indeed, certainly, only, just)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, in which way)

• भवान् (bhavān) - you (you (polite), your honor)

Words meanings and morphology

मधु (madhu) - honey (honey, sweet, mead)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of madhu

madhu - honey, sweet, mead; spring season

यः (yaḥ) - who, one who (who, which, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, whatever

केवलम् (kevalam) - only (only, exclusively, merely; simple, pure)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kevala

kevala - only, alone, exclusive, pure, simple

Note: Adverbial accusative.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Absolutive (gerund).

प्रपातम् (prapātam) - the precipice (a fall, precipice, calamity, falling down)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prapāta

prapāta - a fall, falling down, precipice, calamity

Derived from pra-pat (to fall forward)

Prefix: pra

Root: pat (class 1)

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

अनुपश्यति (anupaśyati) - perceives (sees, perceives, observes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of anupaśyati

present active

3rd person singular present active of root dṛś with prefix anu

Prefix: anu

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, such a person (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भ्रष्टः (bhraṣṭaḥ) - ruined (fallen, deviated, ruined, lost)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhraṣṭa

bhraṣṭa - fallen, deviated, ruined, lost

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root bhraṃś (to fall, deviate)

Root: bhraṃś (class 1)

Note: Often used adjectivally to describe a state.

मधुलोभेन (madhulobhena) - by greed for honey (by greed for honey, by the desire for honey)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of madhulobha

madhulobha - greed for honey, desire for honey

Compound type : tatpurusha (madhu+lobha)

• madhu – honey, sweet, mead
  noun (neuter)
• lobha – greed, desire, covetousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root lubh (to covet)
  Root: lubh (class 4)

शोचति (śocati) - grieves (grieves, sorrows, laments)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of śocati

present active

3rd person singular present active of root śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

एव (eva) - surely, indeed (indeed, certainly, only, just)

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

भवान् (bhavān) - you (you (polite), your honor)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (polite), your honor; being, existing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root bhū (to be, exist) with suffix -at

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used as a polite second-person pronoun.