महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-1, verse-23

तथा यौवनजं दर्पमास्थिते ते सुते नृप ।
न त्वया सुहृदां वाक्यं ब्रुवतामवधारितम् ।
स्वार्थश्च न कृतः कश्चिल्लुब्धेन फलगृद्धिना ॥२३॥

23. tathā yauvanajaṁ darpamāsthite te sute nṛpa ,
na tvayā suhṛdāṁ vākyaṁ bruvatāmavadhāritam ,
svārthaśca na kṛtaḥ kaścillubdhena phalagṛddhinā.

23. tathā yauvanajam darpam āsthite te
sute nṛpa na tvayā suhṛdām vākyam
bruvatām avadhāritam svārthaḥ ca na
kṛtaḥ kaścit lubdhena phalagṛddhinā

23. nṛpa,
tathā te sute yauvanajam darpam āsthite (sati),
bruvatām suhṛdām vākyam tvayā na avadhāritam.
ca lubdhena phalagṛddhinā kaścit svārthaḥ na kṛtaḥ.

23. O king, when your son was seized by the arrogance born of youth, the words of well-wishers, though spoken, were not heeded by you. And by that greedy one, craving for rewards, no self-interest was ever achieved.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• यौवनजम् (yauvanajam) - born of youth, caused by youth

• दर्पम् (darpam) - arrogance, pride, haughtiness

• आस्थिते (āsthite) - having resorted to, being established in, seized by

• ते (te) - your

• सुते (sute) - son

• नृप (nṛpa) - O king

• न (na) - not, no

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of well-wishers, of friends

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, advice

• ब्रुवताम् (bruvatām) - of those who were speaking

• अवधारितम् (avadhāritam) - heeded, regarded, considered

• स्वार्थः (svārthaḥ) - self-interest, personal gain, own purpose

• च (ca) - and, also

• न (na) - not, no

• कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - done, accomplished, made

• कश्चित् (kaścit) - any, someone, something

• लुब्धेन (lubdhena) - by the greedy one, by the covetous one

• फलगृद्धिना (phalagṛddhinā) - by the one craving for fruit/rewards

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

यौवनजम् (yauvanajam) - born of youth, caused by youth

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yauvanaja

yauvanaja - born of youth, caused by youth

Compound type : tatpurusha (yauvana+ja)

• yauvana – youth, juvenility
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced, caused by
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent suffix
  Suffix -ja derived from root √jan (to be born)
  Root: √jan (class 4)

दर्पम् (darpam) - arrogance, pride, haughtiness

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of darpa

darpa - arrogance, pride, haughtiness, conceit

Root: √dṛp (class 4)

आस्थिते (āsthite) - having resorted to, being established in, seized by

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - stationed, placed, resorted to, standing firm

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root √sthā with prefix ā-

Prefix: ā

Root: √sthā (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

सुते (sute) - son

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of suta

suta - son, born, produced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √sū (to give birth, to produce)

Root: √sū (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

नृप (nṛpa) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpa

nṛpa - king, ruler (lit. 'protector of men')

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛ+pa)

• nṛ – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• pa – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √pā (to protect)
  Root: √pā (class 2)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of tvad

tvad - you

सुहृदाम् (suhṛdām) - of well-wishers, of friends

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, well-wisher, good-hearted

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• hṛd – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - word, speech, advice

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - sentence, speech, word, utterance, statement

Root: √vac (class 2)

ब्रुवताम् (bruvatām) - of those who were speaking

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, saying, telling

Present Active Participle

Present active participle from root √brū (to speak)

Root: √brū (class 2)

अवधारितम् (avadhāritam) - heeded, regarded, considered

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avadhārita

avadhārita - heeded, fixed, ascertained, recognized

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root √dhṛ with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: √dhṛ (class 1)

स्वार्थः (svārthaḥ) - self-interest, personal gain, own purpose

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svārtha

svārtha - one's own advantage, self-interest, one's own meaning/purpose

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+artha)

• sva – one's own, self
  pronoun (masculine)
• artha – aim, purpose, meaning, wealth, gain
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - done, accomplished, made

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta

kṛta - done, made, accomplished, created

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root √kṛ (to do, to make)

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

कश्चित् (kaścit) - any, someone, something

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaścid

kaścid - someone, something, any, a certain

Indefinite pronoun formed from interrogative ka + cid

लुब्धेन (lubdhena) - by the greedy one, by the covetous one

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of lubdha

lubdha - greedy, covetous, eager, perplexed

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root √lubh (to covet, desire)

Root: √lubh (class 4)

फलगृद्धिना (phalagṛddhinā) - by the one craving for fruit/rewards

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of phalagṛddhin

phalagṛddhin - greedy for fruit, desirous of reward

Compound type : tatpurusha (phala+gṛddhin)

• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)
• gṛddhin – greedy, covetous, eager, desirous
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root √gṛdh (to desire greedily)
  Root: √gṛdh (class 4)