महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-1, verse-1

जनमेजय उवाच ।
हते दुर्योधने चैव हते सैन्ये च सर्वशः ।
धृतराष्ट्रो महाराजः श्रुत्वा किमकरोन्मुने ॥१॥

1. janamejaya uvāca ,
hate duryodhane caiva hate sainye ca sarvaśaḥ ,
dhṛtarāṣṭro mahārājaḥ śrutvā kimakaronmune.

1. janamejaya uvāca hate duryodhane ca eva hate sainye ca
sarvaśaḥ dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ mahārājaḥ śrutvā kim akarot mune

1. janamejaya uvāca: mune,
duryodhane hate ca eva,
sainye ca sarvaśaḥ hate,
dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ mahārājaḥ śrutvā kim akarot?

1. Janamejaya said: 'O Sage (mune), when Duryodhana was killed and the army was completely destroyed, what did King Dhṛtarāṣṭra do after hearing (this)?'

Words meanings summery:

• जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• हते (hate) - killed, destroyed

• दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - Duryodhana (proper name)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• हते (hate) - killed, destroyed

• सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army, in the host

• च (ca) - and, also

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, completely, in every way

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name)

• महाराजः (mahārājaḥ) - great king, emperor

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• किम् (kim) - what?

• अकरोत् (akarot) - did, made, performed

• मुने (mune) - O sage

Words meanings and morphology

जनमेजय (janamejaya) - Janamejaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of janamejaya

janamejaya - Janamejaya (name of a king, son of Parīkṣit)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

हते (hate) - killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix -ta

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute construction, 'when killed'.

दुर्योधने (duryodhane) - Duryodhana (proper name)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Note: Locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

हते (hate) - killed, destroyed

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'han' (to strike, kill) with suffix -ta

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Locative absolute construction, 'when killed'.

सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army, in the host

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

Derived from 'senā' (army) with suffix -ya

Note: Locative absolute construction.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, completely, in every way

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'sarva' with suffix -śas

Note: Modifies 'hate'.

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhṛtarāṣṭra (name of the blind king, father of the Kauravas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, borne, supported
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'dhṛ' (to hold, bear) with suffix -ta
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of 'akarot'.

महाराजः (mahārājaḥ) - great king, emperor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, sovereign, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Appositive to 'dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ'.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'śru' (to hear) with suffix -tvā

Root: śru (class 5)

किम् (kim) - what?

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what?, who?, which?

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

अकरोत् (akarot) - did, made, performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (luṅ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Aorist form.

मुने (mune) - O sage

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer

Note: Form of address.