महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-1, verse-16

दुर्योधनस्य च तथा वृषभस्येव नर्दतः ।
दुःशासनवधं श्रुत्वा कर्णस्य च विपर्ययम् ।
द्रोणसूर्योपरागं च हृदयं मे विदीर्यते ॥१६॥

16. duryodhanasya ca tathā vṛṣabhasyeva nardataḥ ,
duḥśāsanavadhaṁ śrutvā karṇasya ca viparyayam ,
droṇasūryoparāgaṁ ca hṛdayaṁ me vidīryate.

16. duryodhanasya ca tathā vṛṣabhasya
iva nardataḥ duḥśāsanavadham śrutvā
karṇasya ca viparyayam
droṇasūryoparāgam ca hṛdayam me vidīryate

16. duryodhanasya vṛṣabhasya iva nardataḥ (dhvanim),
duḥśāsanavadham ca,
karṇasya viparyayam ca,
tathā droṇasūryoparāgam ca śrutvā me hṛdayam vidīryate.

16. And having heard of Duryodhana, roaring like a bull, and the slaying of Duḥśāsana, and the reversal of Karna's fortune, and the eclipse (demise) of Drona who was like the sun, my heart is being torn apart.

Words meanings summery:

• दुर्योधनस्य (duryodhanasya) - of Duryodhana

• च (ca) - and

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus

• वृषभस्य (vṛṣabhasya) - of a bull

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• नर्दतः (nardataḥ) - roaring, making noise

• दुःशासनवधम् (duḥśāsanavadham) - the killing of Duḥśāsana

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

• कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna

• च (ca) - and

• विपर्ययम् (viparyayam) - downfall, reversal, misfortune

• द्रोणसूर्योपरागम् (droṇasūryoparāgam) - the eclipse of the Drona-sun (demise of Drona, who was like the sun)

• च (ca) - and

• हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart

• मे (me) - my, to me

• विदीर्यते (vidīryate) - is being torn apart, is rent asunder

Words meanings and morphology

दुर्योधनस्य (duryodhanasya) - of Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (a prominent character in the Mahabharata)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, thus

(indeclinable)

वृषभस्य (vṛṣabhasya) - of a bull

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vṛṣabha

vṛṣabha - bull, chief, excellent one

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

नर्दतः (nardataḥ) - roaring, making noise

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nardat

nardat - roaring, sounding, bellowing

Present Active Participle

Derived from the verbal root 'nard' (to roar, sound).

Root: nard (class 1)

Note: Here, it modifies Duryodhana, implying 'of Duryodhana who was roaring like a bull'.

दुःशासनवधम् (duḥśāsanavadham) - the killing of Duḥśāsana

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsanavadha

duḥśāsanavadha - the killing of Duḥśāsana

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥśāsana+vadha)

• duḥśāsana – Duḥśāsana (a son of Dhritarashtra)
  proper noun (masculine)
• vadha – killing, slaughter
  noun (masculine)

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the verbal root 'śru' (to hear) with the absolutive suffix 'tvā'.

Root: śru (class 5)

कर्णस्य (karṇasya) - of Karna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - Karna (a prominent character in the Mahabharata)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विपर्ययम् (viparyayam) - downfall, reversal, misfortune

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of viparyaya

viparyaya - reversal, change, misfortune, downfall, opposition

द्रोणसूर्योपरागम् (droṇasūryoparāgam) - the eclipse of the Drona-sun (demise of Drona, who was like the sun)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇasūryoparāga

droṇasūryoparāga - eclipse of the Drona-sun (Drona compared to the sun, his demise an eclipse)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (droṇa+sūrya+uparāga)

• droṇa – Drona (a revered teacher in the Mahabharata)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sūrya – sun
  noun (masculine)
• uparāga – eclipse, discoloration, calamity
  noun (masculine)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, core

मे (me) - my, to me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me (first person pronoun)

Note: Can also be dative, but genitive 'my' (heart) fits the context better here.

विदीर्यते (vidīryate) - is being torn apart, is rent asunder

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, Present Passive Indicative (laṭ) of vidṝ

Passive voice, present tense form of the verbal root 'dṝ' (to tear, split) with prefix 'vi' (apart).

Prefix: vi

Root: dṝ (class 9)