महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-1, verse-22

शोकं राजन्व्यपनुद श्रुतास्ते वेदनिश्चयाः ।
शास्त्रागमाश्च विविधा वृद्धेभ्यो नृपसत्तम ।
सृञ्जये पुत्रशोकार्ते यदूचुर्मुनयः पुरा ॥२२॥

22. śokaṁ rājanvyapanuda śrutāste vedaniścayāḥ ,
śāstrāgamāśca vividhā vṛddhebhyo nṛpasattama ,
sṛñjaye putraśokārte yadūcurmunayaḥ purā.

22. śokam rājan vyapanuda śrutāḥ te
vedaniścayāḥ śāstrāgamāḥ ca vividhāḥ
vṛddhebhyo nṛpasattama sṛñjaye
putraśokārte yat ūcuḥ munayaḥ purā

22. rājan nṛpasattama,
śokam vyapanuda.
te vedaniścayāḥ ca vividhāḥ śāstrāgamāḥ vṛddhebhyo śrutāḥ.
yat munayaḥ purā putraśokārte sṛñjaye ūcuḥ.

22. O king, cast away your sorrow. You have heard the definitive doctrines of the Vedas and various traditional texts (śāstras) from the elders, O best among kings. (These are similar to what) the sages formerly told Sañjaya, who was afflicted by the grief (śoka) for his son.

Words meanings summery:

• शोकम् (śokam) - grief, sorrow, distress

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• व्यपनुद (vyapanuda) - dispel, remove, cast away

• श्रुताः (śrutāḥ) - heard, learned

• ते (te) - by you, for you, your

• वेदनिश्चयाः (vedaniścayāḥ) - certain conclusions of the Vedas, definitive doctrines of the Vedas

• शास्त्रागमाः (śāstrāgamāḥ) - traditional texts, religious doctrines, scriptures

• च (ca) - and, also

• विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various, manifold, diverse

• वृद्धेभ्यो (vṛddhebhyo) - from the elders, to the elders

• नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best of kings, O most excellent among men

• सृञ्जये (sṛñjaye) - to Sañjaya, in Sañjaya

• पुत्रशोकार्ते (putraśokārte) - distressed by grief for his son, afflicted by sorrow for his son

• यत् (yat) - what, which, that

• ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

• मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics, hermits

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

Words meanings and morphology

शोकम् (śokam) - grief, sorrow, distress

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śoka

śoka - grief, sorrow, lamentation, pain

Root: √śuc (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

व्यपनुद (vyapanuda) - dispel, remove, cast away

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vyapanud

Imperative 2nd Person Singular

Verb from root √nud with prefixes vi- and apa-

Prefixes: vi+apa

Root: √nud (class 6)

श्रुताः (śrutāḥ) - heard, learned

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, learned, famous

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root √śru

Root: √śru (class 5)

ते (te) - by you, for you, your

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Note: Can also be Genitive singular 'your'.

वेदनिश्चयाः (vedaniścayāḥ) - certain conclusions of the Vedas, definitive doctrines of the Vedas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vedaniścaya

vedaniścaya - certainty/conclusion of the Vedas

Compound type : tatpurusha (veda+niścaya)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge, wisdom
  noun (masculine)
  Root: √vid (class 2)
• niścaya – certainty, ascertainment, conviction, conclusion
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: nis
  Root: √ci (class 5)

शास्त्रागमाः (śāstrāgamāḥ) - traditional texts, religious doctrines, scriptures

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śāstrāgama

śāstrāgama - tradition of sacred texts, doctrines from scriptures

Compound type : tatpurusha (śāstra+āgama)

• śāstra – treatise, scripture, science, rule, doctrine
  noun (neuter)
  Root: √śās (class 2)
• āgama – coming, arrival, tradition, sacred doctrine, scripture
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various, manifold, diverse

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, manifold, diverse, of many kinds

वृद्धेभ्यो (vṛddhebhyo) - from the elders, to the elders

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, wise, elder

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle from root √vṛdh (to grow)

Root: √vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Could also be dative plural.

नृपसत्तम (nṛpasattama) - O best of kings, O most excellent among men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nṛpasattama

nṛpasattama - best of kings, most excellent ruler

Compound type : tatpurusha (nṛpa+sattama)

• nṛpa – king, ruler (lit. 'protector of men')
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, most virtuous (superlative of sat)
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix -tama

सृञ्जये (sṛñjaye) - to Sañjaya, in Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sṛñjaya

sṛñjaya - name of a king

पुत्रशोकार्ते (putraśokārte) - distressed by grief for his son, afflicted by sorrow for his son

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of putraśokārta

putraśokārta - afflicted by grief for a son

Compound type : tatpurusha (putraśoka+ārta)

• putraśoka – grief for a son
  noun (masculine)
• ārta – distressed, afflicted, suffering, hurt
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle from root √ṛ (to go, to move, to obtain; here: to suffer)
  Root: √ṛ (class 3)

यत् (yat) - what, which, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what, that

Note: Could also be accusative singular.

ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they said, they spoke

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of √vac

Perfect 3rd Person Plural

Perfect tense (lit) 3rd plural active of root √vac

Root: √vac (class 2)

मुनयः (munayaḥ) - sages, ascetics, hermits

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint

पुरा (purā) - formerly, previously, in ancient times

(indeclinable)