महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-1, verse-15

तच्च वाक्यमकृत्वाहं भृशं तप्यामि दुर्मतिः ।
न हि श्रोतास्मि भीष्मस्य धर्मयुक्तं प्रभाषितम् ॥१५॥

15. tacca vākyamakṛtvāhaṁ bhṛśaṁ tapyāmi durmatiḥ ,
na hi śrotāsmi bhīṣmasya dharmayuktaṁ prabhāṣitam.

15. tat ca vākyam akṛtvā aham bhṛśam tapyāmi durmatiḥ
na hi śrotā asmi bhīṣmasya dharmayuktam prabhāṣitam

15. aham durmatiḥ tat vākyam akṛtvā ca bhṛśam tapyāmi.
hi (aham) bhīṣmasya dharmayuktam prabhāṣitam śrotā na asmi.

15. And because I, being foolish, did not follow that advice, I now grieve intensely. Indeed, I was not a listener to what Bhishma had said, which was endowed with natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that

• च (ca) - and

• वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, word, speech

• अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - not having done, without doing

• अहम् (aham) - I

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - exceedingly, greatly, intensely

• तप्यामि (tapyāmi) - I suffer, I grieve

• दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - foolish, evil-minded

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely

• श्रोता (śrotā) - a hearer, one who listens

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

• धर्मयुक्तम् (dharmayuktam) - endowed with (natural) law, righteous, proper

• प्रभाषितम् (prabhāṣitam) - spoken, declared

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

वाक्यम् (vākyam) - statement, word, speech

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - speech, statement, sentence, word

अकृत्वा (akṛtvā) - not having done, without doing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from the verbal root 'kṛ' (to do) with the absolutive suffix 'tvā' and a negative prefix 'a-'.

Prefix: a

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I (first person pronoun)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - exceedingly, greatly, intensely

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

तप्यामि (tapyāmi) - I suffer, I grieve

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, Present Active Indicative (laṭ) of tap

Root: tap (class 1)

दुर्मतिः (durmatiḥ) - foolish, evil-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durmati

durmati - evil-minded, foolish, dull-witted

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+mati)

• dur – bad, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• mati – mind, thought, understanding
  noun (feminine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

श्रोता (śrotā) - a hearer, one who listens

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrotṛ

śrotṛ - hearer, listener (agent noun)

Agent noun derived from the verbal root 'śru' (to hear).

Root: śru (class 5)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, Present Active Indicative (laṭ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a prominent character in the Mahabharata)

धर्मयुक्तम् (dharmayuktam) - endowed with (natural) law, righteous, proper

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dharmayukta

dharmayukta - endowed with dharma, righteous, consistent with natural law

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+yukta)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
• yukta – joined, connected, endowed with, suitable, proper
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from verbal root 'yuj' (to join, connect).
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Modifies 'prabhāṣitam'.

प्रभाषितम् (prabhāṣitam) - spoken, declared

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of prabhāṣita

prabhāṣita - spoken, declared, said

Past Passive Participle

Derived from verbal root 'bhāṣ' (to speak) with prefix 'pra' (forth, greatly).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

Note: Used here as a substantive (noun) meaning 'that which was spoken'.