महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-1, verse-28

आदावेव मनुष्येण वर्तितव्यं यथा क्षमम् ।
यथा नातीतमर्थं वै पश्चात्तापेन युज्यते ॥२८॥

28. ādāveva manuṣyeṇa vartitavyaṁ yathā kṣamam ,
yathā nātītamarthaṁ vai paścāttāpena yujyate.

28. ādau eva manuṣyeṇa vartitavyam yathā kṣamam
yathā na atītam artham vai paścāttāpena yujyate

28. manuṣyeṇa ādau eva yathā kṣamam vartitavyam
yathā atītam artham vai paścāttāpena na yujyate

28. From the very beginning, a person should act appropriately so that they are not later associated with regret (paścāttāpa) concerning a past matter.

Words meanings summery:

• आदौ (ādau) - at the beginning, in the first place, initially

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

• मनुष्येण (manuṣyeṇa) - by a human being, by a person

• वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - should be acted, ought to be conducted

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, so that, in order that

• क्षमम् (kṣamam) - properly, suitably, appropriately, capable

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, so that, in order that

• न (na) - not, no

• अतीतम् (atītam) - past, gone, elapsed

• अर्थम् (artham) - matter, object, purpose, meaning, wealth

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• पश्चात्तापेन (paścāttāpena) - by regret, by repentance, by remorse

• युज्यते (yujyate) - is joined, connected, associated, afflicted

Words meanings and morphology

आदौ (ādau) - at the beginning, in the first place, initially

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, first, origin

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

मनुष्येण (manuṣyeṇa) - by a human being, by a person

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of manuṣya

manuṣya - human being, person

वर्तितव्यम् (vartitavyam) - should be acted, ought to be conducted

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vartitavya

vartitavya - to be acted, to be conducted

Gerundive (Future Passive Participle)

Derived from root vṛt with tavya suffix

Root: vṛt (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, so that, in order that

(indeclinable)

क्षमम् (kṣamam) - properly, suitably, appropriately, capable

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, so that, in order that

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अतीतम् (atītam) - past, gone, elapsed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of atīta

atīta - past, gone, elapsed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root i with upasarga ati

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

अर्थम् (artham) - matter, object, purpose, meaning, wealth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of artha

artha - matter, object, purpose, meaning, wealth

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

पश्चात्तापेन (paścāttāpena) - by regret, by repentance, by remorse

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of paścāttāpa

paścāttāpa - regret, repentance, remorse

Compound type : tatpurusha (paścāt+tāpa)

• paścāt – after, afterwards, behind
  indeclinable
• tāpa – heat, pain, suffering, regret
  noun (masculine)
  Root: tap (class 1)

युज्यते (yujyate) - is joined, connected, associated, afflicted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of yuj

Present Passive

Third person singular present passive of root yuj

Root: yuj (class 7)