महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-11, chapter-1, verse-12

हृतराज्यो हतसुहृद्धतचक्षुश्च वै तथा ।
न भ्राजिष्ये महाप्राज्ञ क्षीणरश्मिरिवांशुमान् ॥१२॥

12. hṛtarājyo hatasuhṛddhatacakṣuśca vai tathā ,
na bhrājiṣye mahāprājña kṣīṇaraśmirivāṁśumān.

12. hṛtarājyaḥ hatasuhṛt hṛtacakṣuḥ ca vai tathā na
bhrājiṣye mahāprājña kṣīṇaraśmiḥ iva aṃśumān

12. mahāprājña hṛtarājyaḥ hatasuhṛt hṛtacakṣuḥ ca
tathā vai na kṣīṇaraśmiḥ aṃśumān iva bhrājiṣye

12. My kingdom snatched away, my friends killed, and my eyes blinded—indeed, I shall not shine, O greatly wise one, like the sun with diminished rays.

Words meanings summery:

• हृतराज्यः (hṛtarājyaḥ) - Refers to Dhritarashtra, who has lost his kingdom. (having kingdom taken, whose kingdom is taken)

• हतसुहृत् (hatasuhṛt) - Refers to Dhritarashtra, who has lost his friends/allies. (having friends killed, whose friends are killed)

• हृतचक्षुः (hṛtacakṣuḥ) - Refers to Dhritarashtra who was born blind. Used metaphorically here to mean utterly helpless. (having eyes taken/blinded, whose eyes are blinded)

• च (ca) - Connects the list of losses. (and, also)

• वै (vai) - Emphasizes the certainty of not shining. (indeed, truly, certainly)

• तथा (tathā) - Reinforces the current state of affairs. (thus, so, in that manner)

• न (na) - Negates the verb 'bhrājiṣye'. (not, no)

• भ्राजिष्ये (bhrājiṣye) - Dhritarashtra will not be glorious or radiant anymore. (I shall shine, I shall glitter)

• महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - Vocative address, likely to Sañjaya, or a general address to an intelligent listener. (O greatly wise one, O most intelligent one)

• क्षीणरश्मिः (kṣīṇaraśmiḥ) - Describes the sun in the simile, implying loss of power and radiance. (having diminished rays, whose rays are wasted)

• इव (iva) - Introduces a simile comparing Dhritarashtra to the sun. (like, as, as it were)

• अंशुमान् (aṁśumān) - The entity of comparison in the simile. (sun, radiant one)

Words meanings and morphology

हृतराज्यः (hṛtarājyaḥ) - Refers to Dhritarashtra, who has lost his kingdom. (having kingdom taken, whose kingdom is taken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛtarājya

hṛtarājya - whose kingdom has been seized

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛta+rājya)

• hṛta – taken, seized, carried away
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hṛ (to take, seize) + kta suffix.
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• rājya – kingdom, sovereignty, rule
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'I'.

हतसुहृत् (hatasuhṛt) - Refers to Dhritarashtra, who has lost his friends/allies. (having friends killed, whose friends are killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hatasuhṛt

hatasuhṛt - whose friends are killed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hata+suhṛt)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root han (to strike, kill) + kta suffix.
  Root: han (class 2)
• suhṛt – friend, well-wisher
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'I'.

हृतचक्षुः (hṛtacakṣuḥ) - Refers to Dhritarashtra who was born blind. Used metaphorically here to mean utterly helpless. (having eyes taken/blinded, whose eyes are blinded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hṛtacakṣus

hṛtacakṣus - having lost sight, blinded

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hṛta+cakṣus)

• hṛta – taken, seized, carried away
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root hṛ (to take, seize) + kta suffix.
  Root: hṛ (class 1)
• cakṣus – eye, sight
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject 'I'.

च (ca) - Connects the list of losses. (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

वै (vai) - Emphasizes the certainty of not shining. (indeed, truly, certainly)

(indeclinable)

An emphatic particle.

तथा (tathā) - Reinforces the current state of affairs. (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

An adverbial particle.

न (na) - Negates the verb 'bhrājiṣye'. (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

भ्राजिष्ये (bhrājiṣye) - Dhritarashtra will not be glorious or radiant anymore. (I shall shine, I shall glitter)

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of bhrāj

Future Middle

Future tense, 1st person, singular, middle voice (ātmanepada) of root bhrāj.

Root: bhrāj (class 1)

Note: The implied subject is 'I' (Dhritarashtra).

महाप्राज्ञ (mahāprājña) - Vocative address, likely to Sañjaya, or a general address to an intelligent listener. (O greatly wise one, O most intelligent one)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāprājña

mahāprājña - greatly wise, very intelligent

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+prājña)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• prājña – wise, intelligent, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from prajñā (wisdom).

Note: Direct address.

क्षीणरश्मिः (kṣīṇaraśmiḥ) - Describes the sun in the simile, implying loss of power and radiance. (having diminished rays, whose rays are wasted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣīṇaraśmi

kṣīṇaraśmi - having diminished rays

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṣīṇa+raśmi)

• kṣīṇa – diminished, wasted, worn out, exhausted
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root kṣi (to waste, destroy) + kta suffix.
  Root: kṣi (class 1)
• raśmi – ray (of light), cord, rope
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'aṃśumān'.

इव (iva) - Introduces a simile comparing Dhritarashtra to the sun. (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

Particle used for comparison.

अंशुमान् (aṁśumān) - The entity of comparison in the simile. (sun, radiant one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṃśumat

aṁśumat - possessed of rays, radiant, the sun

Derived with matup suffix meaning 'possessed of rays'.

Note: Refers to the sun.