महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-5, verse-5

नाथवन्तं तु सुहृदः प्रतिषेधन्ति पातकात् ।
निवर्तते तु लक्ष्मीवान्नालक्ष्मीवान्निवर्तते ॥५॥

5. nāthavantaṁ tu suhṛdaḥ pratiṣedhanti pātakāt ,
nivartate tu lakṣmīvānnālakṣmīvānnivartate.

5. nāthavantam tu suhṛdaḥ pratiṣedhanti pātakāt
nivartate tu lakṣmīvān na alakṣmīvān nivartate

5. tu suhṛdaḥ nāthavantam pātakāt pratiṣedhanti
tu lakṣmīvān nivartate na alakṣmīvān nivartate

5. Indeed, friends protect one who has a protector from sin. But the fortunate person (lakṣmīvant) turns away (from sin), while the unfortunate person does not turn away.

Words meanings summery:

• नाथवन्तम् (nāthavantam) - one who has a protector (one who has a protector, possessed of a lord or master, guarded)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

• सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends (friends, good-hearted people)

• प्रतिषेधन्ति (pratiṣedhanti) - protect from (prevent, hinder, forbid, protect from)

• पातकात् (pātakāt) - from sin (from sin, from falling, from a sinful act)

• निवर्तते (nivartate) - turns away (from sin) (turns back, returns, ceases, refrains, turns away (from))

• तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

• लक्ष्मीवान् (lakṣmīvān) - the fortunate person (lakṣmīvant) (fortunate, wealthy, prosperous, endowed with beauty or virtue)

• न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

• अलक्ष्मीवान् (alakṣmīvān) - the unfortunate person (unfortunate, poor, devoid of prosperity, ugly)

• निवर्तते (nivartate) - turns away (turns back, returns, ceases, refrains, turns away (from))

Words meanings and morphology

नाथवन्तम् (nāthavantam) - one who has a protector (one who has a protector, possessed of a lord or master, guarded)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nāthavat

nāthavat - one who has a protector, possessed of a lord or master, guarded

Possessive adjective formed with suffix `vat` from `nātha` (protector).

Note: Object of `pratiṣedhanti`.

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

सुहृदः (suhṛdaḥ) - friends (friends, good-hearted people)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of suhṛd

suhṛd - friend, good-hearted person

Formed from `su` (good) and `hṛd` (heart).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+hṛd)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating goodness.
• hṛd – heart, mind, soul
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of `pratiṣedhanti`.

प्रतिषेधन्ति (pratiṣedhanti) - protect from (prevent, hinder, forbid, protect from)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sidh

Present Tense, Active Voice, 3rd Person, Plural

From root √sidh (class 1, often takes prefix `prati`).

Prefix: prati

Root: sidh (class 1)

पातकात् (pātakāt) - from sin (from sin, from falling, from a sinful act)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pātaka

pātaka - sin, a sinful act, a falling down

From root √pat (to fall) with suffix `aka`.

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: The ablative case indicates 'from' which is appropriate for `pratiṣedhanti`.

निवर्तते (nivartate) - turns away (from sin) (turns back, returns, ceases, refrains, turns away (from))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Tense, Middle Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

From root √vṛt (class 1) with prefix ni. Middle voice suggests 'turns oneself'.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तु (tu) - but (but, indeed, on the other hand, however)

(indeclinable)

लक्ष्मीवान् (lakṣmīvān) - the fortunate person (lakṣmīvant) (fortunate, wealthy, prosperous, endowed with beauty or virtue)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmīvat

lakṣmīvat - fortunate, wealthy, prosperous, endowed with beauty or virtue, having Lakṣmī

Possessive adjective formed with suffix `vat` from `lakṣmī` (fortune, prosperity).

Note: Subject of `nivartate`.

न (na) - not (not, no, nor)

(indeclinable)

अलक्ष्मीवान् (alakṣmīvān) - the unfortunate person (unfortunate, poor, devoid of prosperity, ugly)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alakṣmīvat

alakṣmīvat - unfortunate, poor, devoid of prosperity, ugly, without Lakṣmī

Formed from `a` (negative prefix) + `lakṣmīvat`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+lakṣmīvat)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix.
• lakṣmīvat – fortunate, prosperous, having Lakṣmī
  adjective (masculine)
  Possessive adjective formed with suffix `vat` from `lakṣmī` (fortune, prosperity).

Note: Subject of the second `nivartate`.

निवर्तते (nivartate) - turns away (turns back, returns, ceases, refrains, turns away (from))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛt

Present Tense, Middle Voice, 3rd Person, Singular

From root √vṛt (class 1) with prefix ni. Middle voice suggests 'turns oneself'.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)