महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-5, verse-19

तथा शांतनवो भीष्मो न्यस्तशस्त्रो निरायुधः ।
शिखण्डिनं पुरस्कृत्य हतो गाण्डीवधन्वना ॥१९॥

19. tathā śāṁtanavo bhīṣmo nyastaśastro nirāyudhaḥ ,
śikhaṇḍinaṁ puraskṛtya hato gāṇḍīvadhanvanā.

19. tathā śāntanavaḥ bhīṣmaḥ nyastaśastraḥ nirāyudhaḥ
śikhaṇḍinam puraskṛtya hataḥ gāṇḍīvadhanvanā

19. tathā śāntanavaḥ bhīṣmaḥ nyastaśastraḥ nirāyudhaḥ
śikhaṇḍinam puraskṛtya gāṇḍīvadhanvanā hataḥ

19. Similarly, Bhīṣma, the son of Śantanu, having laid down his weapons and being weaponless, was killed by Arjuna, the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow, who had placed Śikhaṇḍin in front.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - son of Śantanu, Bhīṣma

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

• न्यस्तशस्त्रः (nyastaśastraḥ) - having laid down weapons, disarmed

• निरायुधः (nirāyudhaḥ) - weaponless, unarmed

• शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Śikhaṇḍin

• पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, making prominent, having honoured

• हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, destroyed

• गाण्डीवधन्वना (gāṇḍīvadhanvanā) - by the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow, by Arjuna

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - son of Śantanu, Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - descendant of Śantanu, son of Śantanu

derived from Śantanu with suffix -a

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhīṣma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhīṣma (a proper name, lit. 'terrible')

न्यस्तशस्त्रः (nyastaśastraḥ) - having laid down weapons, disarmed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nyastaśastra

nyastaśastra - one who has laid down weapons, disarmed

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nyasta+śastra)

• nyasta – laid down, placed down
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √as (to throw, cast) with prefix ni (down)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: as (class 4)
• śastra – weapon, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  Root: śas (class 2)

निरायुधः (nirāyudhaḥ) - weaponless, unarmed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirāyudha

nirāyudha - without weapons, weaponless

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āyudha)

• nis – without, out, free from
  indeclinable
• āyudha – weapon, instrument, implement
  noun (neuter)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yudh (class 4)

शिखण्डिनम् (śikhaṇḍinam) - Śikhaṇḍin

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śikhaṇḍin

śikhaṇḍin - Śikhaṇḍin (a proper name, lit. 'crested')

पुरस्कृत्य (puraskṛtya) - having placed in front, making prominent, having honoured

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From √kṛ (to do, make) with prefix puras (in front)

Prefix: puras

Root: kṛ (class 8)

हतः (hataḥ) - killed, slain, destroyed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From √han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

गाण्डीवधन्वना (gāṇḍīvadhanvanā) - by the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow, by Arjuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvadhanvan

gāṇḍīvadhanvan - one whose bow is Gāṇḍīva, wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (epithet of Arjuna)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gāṇḍīva+dhanvan)

• gāṇḍīva – Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna's bow)
  proper noun (neuter)
• dhanvan – bow, archer
  noun (neuter)