महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-5, verse-30

एकसार्थं प्रयातौ स्वस्त्वया सह नरर्षभ ।
समदुःखसुखौ चैव नावां शङ्कितुमर्हसि ॥३०॥

30. ekasārthaṁ prayātau svastvayā saha nararṣabha ,
samaduḥkhasukhau caiva nāvāṁ śaṅkitumarhasi.

30. ekasārtham prayātau svaḥ tvayā saha nararṣabha
samaduḥkhasukhau ca eva na āvām śaṅkitum arhasi

30. "O best of men, we two have set out with a common purpose, along with you. And indeed, you ought not to doubt us, who share equally in pain and pleasure."

Words meanings summery:

• एकसार्थम् (ekasārtham) - with a common purpose, as one company

• प्रयातौ (prayātau) - having departed, having set out (we two)

• स्वः (svaḥ) - we two are

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you, with you

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best among men

• समदुःखसुखौ (samaduḥkhasukhau) - sharing equally in pain and pleasure

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• न (na) - not, no

• आवाम् (āvām) - us two

• शङ्कितुम् (śaṅkitum) - to doubt, to suspect

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

Words meanings and morphology

एकसार्थम् (ekasārtham) - with a common purpose, as one company

(indeclinable)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+sārtha)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• sārtha – meaning, purpose, company, caravan
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: sa
  Root: arth (class 1)

Note: Used adverbially here

प्रयातौ (prayātau) - having departed, having set out (we two)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of prayāta

prayāta - departed, gone forth, started

Past Passive Participle

From root yā (to go) with upasarga pra, kta suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

स्वः (svaḥ) - we two are

(verb)

1st person , dual, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense

Laṭ (Present) - First person dual active.

Root: as (class 2)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you, with you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case

नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best among men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - best among men, excellent man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

समदुःखसुखौ (samaduḥkhasukhau) - sharing equally in pain and pleasure

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of samaduḥkhasukha

samaduḥkhasukha - equally experiencing pain and pleasure, indifferent to pleasure and pain

Compound type : dvandva (sama+duḥkha+sukha)

• sama – equal, similar
  adjective
• duḥkha – pain, suffering, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• sukha – pleasure, happiness, joy
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negates the verb arhasi

आवाम् (āvām) - us two

(pronoun)

Accusative, dual of asmad

asmad - I, we

शङ्कितुम् (śaṅkitum) - to doubt, to suspect

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

From root śaṅk (to doubt), tumun suffix.

Root: śaṅk (class 1)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you ought, you are able

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present tense

Laṭ (Present) - Second person singular active.

Root: arh (class 1)