महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-10, chapter-5, verse-28

संजय उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा महाराज द्रोणपुत्रः प्रतापवान् ।
एकान्ते योजयित्वाश्वान्प्रायादभिमुखः परान् ॥२८॥

28. saṁjaya uvāca ,
evamuktvā mahārāja droṇaputraḥ pratāpavān ,
ekānte yojayitvāśvānprāyādabhimukhaḥ parān.

28. sañjayaḥ uvāca evam uktvā mahārāja droṇaputraḥ pratāpavān
ekānte yojayitvā aśvān prayāt abhimukhaḥ parān

28. Saṃjaya said: "O great king, having thus spoken, Drona's powerful son (Aśvatthāman), having harnessed the horses aside, departed, facing the enemies."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāman, Drona's son (son of Drona, Aśvatthāman)

• प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, majestic

• एकान्ते (ekānte) - in a secluded place, apart, aside

• योजयित्वा (yojayitvā) - having yoked, having harnessed

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

• प्रयात् (prayāt) - went forth, departed

• अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, turned towards

• परान् (parān) - enemies, others

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Saṃjaya (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Saṃjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

Prefix: sam

Root: ji (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense

Liṭ (Perfect) - Third person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root vac (to speak), ktvā suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

द्रोणपुत्रः (droṇaputraḥ) - Aśvatthāman, Drona's son (son of Drona, Aśvatthāman)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Drona

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+putra)

• droṇa – Drona (name of a teacher)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

प्रतापवान् (pratāpavān) - powerful, glorious, majestic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratāpavat

pratāpavat - powerful, glorious, majestic, splendid

From pratāpa (majesty, power) with the mat(u)P possessive suffix.

Prefix: pra

Root: tap (class 1)

एकान्ते (ekānte) - in a secluded place, apart, aside

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ekānta

ekānta - secluded place, privacy, one side

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+anta)

• eka – one, single
  numeral
• anta – end, limit, side
  noun (masculine)

योजयित्वा (yojayitvā) - having yoked, having harnessed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund) of causative

From root yuj (to yoke, join), causative stem yojaya, ktvā suffix.

Root: yuj (class 7)

अश्वान् (aśvān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

प्रयात् (prayāt) - went forth, departed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of yā

Imperfect tense

Laṅ (Imperfect) - Third person singular active with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

अभिमुखः (abhimukhaḥ) - facing, turned towards

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhimukha

abhimukha - facing, turned towards, confronted

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (abhi+mukha)

• abhi – towards, against
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (masculine)

परान् (parān) - enemies, others

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, hostile, enemy, supreme